Martinho M, Cale R, Briosa A, Pereira E, Pereira A, Grade SJ, et al. Ladies first: awareness for the risk of adverse outcomes of female patients after ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. European J of Heart Fail. 2023;25(331):2.

Google Scholar 

Goldberg RJ, O’Donnell C, Yarzebski J, Bigelow C, Savageau J, Gore JM. Sex differences in symptom presentation associated with acute myocardial infarction: a population-based perspective. Am Heart J. 1998;136(2):189–95.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dey S, Flather MD, Devlin G, Brieger D, Gurfinkel EP, Steg PG, et al. Sex-related differences in the presentation, treatment and outcomes among patients with acute coronary syndromes: the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events. Heart. 2009;95(1):20–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

van Oosterhout REM, de Boer AR, Maas A, Rutten FH, Bots ML, Peters SAE. Sex Differences in Symptom Presentation in Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(9):e14733.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

DeVon HA, Mirzaei S, Zègre-Hemsey J. Typical and Atypical Symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome: Time to Retire the Terms? JAHA. 2020;9(7):e15539.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gulati M, Levy PD, Mukherjee D, Amsterdam E, Bhatt DL, Birtcher KK, et al. 2021 AHA/ACC/ASE/CHEST/SAEM/SCCT/SCMR Guideline for the Evaluation and Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2021;144(22):e368–e454.

Lichtman JH, Leifheit EC, Safdar B, Bao H, Krumholz HM, Lorenze NP, et al. Sex Differences in the Presentation and Perception of Symptoms Among Young Patients With Myocardial Infarction: Evidence from the VIRGO Study (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients). Circulation. 2018;137(8:781–90.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ferry AV, Anand A, Strachan FE, Mooney L, Stewart SD, Marshall L, et al. Presenting Symptoms in Men and Women Diagnosed With Myocardial Infarction Using Sex-Specific Criteria. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019;8(17):e12307.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hao Y, Liu J, Liu J, Yang N, Smith SC Jr., Huo Y, et al. Sex Differences in In-Hospital Management and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome. Circulation. 2019;139(15):1776–85.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ronco R, Rea F, Filippelli A, Maggioni AP, Corrao G. Sex-Related Differences in Outpatient Healthcare of Acute Coronary Syndrome: Evidence from an Italian Real-World Investigation. J Clin Med. 2023;12(8).

Lee CY, Liu KT, Lu HT, Mohd AR, Fong AYY, Ahmad WWA. Sex and gender differences in presentation, treatment and outcomes in acute coronary syndrome, a 10 year study from a multi-ethnic Asian population: The Malaysian National Cardiovascular Disease Database-Acute Coronary Syndrome (NCVD-ACS) registry. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(2):e246474.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Huber E, Le Pogam MA, Clair C. Sex related inequalities in the management and prognosis of acute coronary syndrome in Switzerland: cross sectional study. BMJ Med. 2022;1(1):e000300.

Piackova E, Jäger B, Farhan S, Christ G, Schreiber W, Weidinger F, et al. Gender differences in short- and long-term mortality in the Vienna STEMI registry. Int J Cardiol. 2017;244:303–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stehli J, Martin C, Brennan A, Dinh DT, Lefkovits J, Zaman S. Sex Differences Persist in Time to Presentation, Revascularization, and Mortality in Myocardial Infarction Treated With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019;8(10):e12161.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mnatzaganian G, Braitberg G, Hiller JE, Kuhn L, Chapman R. Sex differences in in-hospital mortality following a first acute myocardial infarction: symptomatology, delayed presentation, and hospital setting. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2016;16(1):109.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Babiolakis CS, Sharma S, Sayed N, Abunassar JG, Haseeb S, Abuzeid W. The Effect of Sex on Door-to-Balloon Time in Patients Presenting With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Referred for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine. 2022;37:120–7.

Kuehnemund L, Koeppe J, Feld J, Wiederhold A, Illner J, Makowski L, et al. Gender differences in acute myocardial infarction—A nationwide German real-life analysis from 2014 to 2017. Clin Cardiol. 2021;44(7):890–8.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Vogel B, Farhan S, Hahne S, Kozanli I, Kalla K, Freynhofer MK, et al. Sex-related differences in baseline characteristics, management and outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2016;5(4):347–53.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Redfors B, Angerås O, Råmunddal T, Petursson P, Haraldsson I, Dworeck C, et al. Trends in Gender Differences in Cardiac Care and Outcome After Acute Myocardial Infarction in Western Sweden: A Report From the Swedish Web System for Enhancement of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART). J Am Heart Assoc. 2015;4(7).

Udell JA, Koh M, Qiu F, Austin PC, Wijeysundera HC, Bagai A, et al. Outcomes of Women and Men With Acute Coronary Syndrome Treated With and Without Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization. JAHA. 2017;6(1):e4319.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ten Haaf ME, van Geuns RJ, van der Linden M, Smits PC, de Vries AG, Doevendans PA, et al. Sex-related bleeding risk in acute coronary syndrome patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor. Med Princ Pract. 2023;.

Dillinger JG, Ducrocq G, Elbez Y, Cohen M, Bode C, Pollack C Jr., et al. Sex Differences in Ischemic and Bleeding Outcomes in Patients With Non-ST-Segment-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From the TAO Trial. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2021;14(1:e9759.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ashraf M, Jan MF, Bajwa TK, Carnahan R, Zlochiver V, Allaqaband SQ. Sex Disparities in Diagnostic Evaluation and Revascularization in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction‑A 15-Year Nationwide Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12(6):e27716.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kytö V, Sipilä J, Tornio A, Rautava P, Gunn J. Sex-Based Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Ann Thorac Surg. 2021;112(6):1974–81.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Swaminathan RV, Feldman DN, Pashun RA, Patil RK, Shah T, Geleris JD, et al. Gender Differences in In-Hospital Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Am J Cardiol. 2016;118(3):362–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bukkapatnam RN, Yeo KK, Li Z, Amsterdam EA. Operative Mortality in Women and Men Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (from the California Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Outcomes Reporting Program). Am J Cardiol. 2010;105(3):339–42.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alam M, Lee V‑V, Elayda MA, Shahzad SA, Yang EY, Nambi V, et al. Association of gender with morbidity and mortality after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. A propensity score matched analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2013;167(1):180–4.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lin DS, Lin YS, Lee JK, Kao HL. Sex differences following percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass surgery for acute myocardial infarction. Biol Sex Differ. 2022;13(1):18.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bucholz EM, Butala NM, Rathore SS, Dreyer RP, Lansky AJ, Krumholz HM. Sex differences in long-term mortality after myocardial infarction: a systematic review. Circulation. 2014;130(9:757–67.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ravn-Fischer A, Perers E, Karlsson T, Caidahl K, Hartford M. Seventeen-Year Mortality following the Acute Coronary Syndrome: Gender-Specific Baseline Variables and Impact on Outcome. Cardiology. 2019;143(1):22–31.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kytö V, Sipilä J, Rautava P, Gunn J. Sex Differences in Outcomes Following Acute Coronary Syndrome Treated With Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Heart Lung Circ. 2021;30(1):100–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sattartabar B, Ajam A, Pashang M, Jalali A, Sadeghian S, Mortazavi H, et al. Sex and age difference in risk factor distribution, trend, and long-term outcome of patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2021;21(1):460.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar