No authors listed American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit. Care Med. 20, 864–874 (1992).
Levy, M. M. et al. 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International sepsis definitions conference. J. Intensive Care Med. 29, 530–538 (2003).
Singer, M. et al. The Third International Consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 315, 801–810 (2016).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Schlapbach, L. J. et al. International consensus criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock. JAMA 331, 665–674 (2024).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Sanchez-Pinto, L. N. et al. Development and validation of the Phoenix criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock. JAMA 331, 675–686 (2024).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cruz, A. T. et al. Implementation of goal-directed therapy for children with suspected sepsis in the emergency department. Pediatrics 127, e758–e766 (2011).
Bernardo, E. O. et al. Community-acquired acute kidney injury among children seen in the pediatric emergency department. Acad. Emerg. Med. 25, 758–768 (2018).
O’Neil, E. R. et al. Passive acute kidney injury alerts: less is not more. Pediatr. Res. 90, 496–498 (2021).
Vincent, J. L. et al. The SOFA (sepsis-related organ failure assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. Intensive Care Med. 22, 707–710 (1996).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Metlay, J. P. et al. Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An official clinical practice guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 200, e45–e67 (2019).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Murugan, R. et al. Acute kidney injury in non-severe pneumonia is associated with an increased immune response and lower survival. Kidney Int. 77, 527–535 (2010).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Kellum, J. A., Bellomo, R. & Ronco, C. Does this patient have acute kidney injury? An AKI checklist. Intensive Care Med. 42, 96–99 (2016).
Kellum, J. A. et al. Classifying AKI by urine output versus serum creatinine level. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 26, 2231–2238 (2015).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kaddourah, A., Basu, R. K., Bagshaw, S. M. & Goldstein, S. L. Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in critically ill children and young adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 376, 11–20 (2017).
Prowle, J. R. et al. Oliguria as predictive biomarker of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. Crit. Care 15, R172 (2011).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Leedahl, D. D. et al. Derivation of urine output thresholds that identify a very high risk of AKI in patients with septic shock. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 9, 1168–1174 (2014).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kaddourah, A., Basu, R. K., Goldstein, S. L., Sutherland, S. M. Oliguria and acute kidney injury in critically ill children: implications for diagnosis and outcomes. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. 20, 332–339 (2019).
Jin, K. et al. Intensive monitoring of urine output is associated with increased detection of acute kidney injury and improved outcomes. Chest 152, 972–979 (2017).
Kumar, A. et al. Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. Crit. Care Med. 34, 1589–1596 (2006).
Shankar-Hari, M. & Rubenfeld, G. D. Understanding long-term outcomes following sepsis: implications and challenges. Curr. Infect. Dis. Rep. 18, 37 (2016).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Uchino, S. et al. Acute renal failure in critically ill patients: a multinational, multicenter study. JAMA 294, 813–818 (2005).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Neveu, H., Kleinknecht, D., Brivet, F., Loirat, P. & Landais, P. Prognostic factors in acute renal failure due to sepsis. Results of a prospective multicentre study. Nephrol. Dial. Transpl. 11, 293–299 (1996).
Silvester, W., Bellomo, R. & Cole, L. Epidemiology, management, and outcome of severe acute renal failure of critical illness in Australia. Crit. Care Med. 29, 1910–1915 (2001).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Bagshaw, S. M. et al. Prognosis for long-term survival and renal recovery in critically ill patients with severe acute renal failure: a population-based study. Crit. Care 9, R700–R709 (2005).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Akcan Arikan, A. et al. Resuscitation bundle in pediatric shock decreases acute kidney injury and improves outcomes. J. Pediatr. 167, 1301–1305 e1301 (2015).
Fitzgerald, J. C. et al. Risk factors and inpatient outcomes associated with acute kidney injury at pediatric severe sepsis presentation. Pediatr. Nephrol. 33, 1781–1790 (2018).
Fitzgerald, J. C. et al. Association of early hypotension in pediatric sepsis with development of new or persistent acute kidney injury. Pediatr. Nephrol. 36, 451–461 (2021).
Kellum, J. A. et al. The effects of alternative resuscitation strategies on acute kidney injury in patients with septic shock. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 193, 281–287 (2016).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fitzgerald, J. C. et al. Acute kidney injury in pediatric severe sepsis: an independent risk factor for death and new disability. Crit. Care Med. 44, 2241–2250 (2016).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Robinson, C. et al. Serum creatinine monitoring after acute kidney injury in the PICU. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. 22, 412–425 (2021).
Schulman, I. H. et al. Readmission and mortality after hospitalization with acute kidney injury. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 82, 63–74 e61 (2023).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Starr, M. C. et al. Severe acute kidney injury is associated with increased risk of death and new morbidity after pediatric septic shock. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. 21, e686–e695 (2020).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
McNicholas, B., Akcan Arikan, A. & Ostermann, M. Quality of life after acute kidney injury. Curr. Opin. Crit. Care 29, 566–579 (2023).
Leelahavanichkul, A. et al. Chronic kidney disease worsens sepsis and sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by releasing high mobility group box protein-1. Kidney Int. 80, 1198–1211 (2011).
Comments (0)