M. Sun, S.Y. Chu, J.X. Li, X.Y. Jiao, Z.C. Sun, B. Li, L.L. Wang, Z.J. Li, Carbon dot intercalated MXene with an excellent oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalytic performance. J. Mater. Sci. 59, 15617–15626 (2024)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

J. Lv, H. Tian, L. Pan, Z. Chen, M. Li, R.A. Ghiladi, Z. Qin, X.Q. Yin, Biomass derived carbon dots with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties for the treatment of wound healing. Chem. Eng. Sci. 295,120084 (2024)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

M. Sun, S.Y. Chun, Y. F. Ma, X. Z. Wang, Z.J. Li, Fabrication of core-shell Ag@CD oxygen reduction catalyst under ultraviolet irradiation using carbgon dot as reducing agents. Fuel. 382, 133783 (2025)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Y.-W. Dong, X.-J. Zhai, Y. Wu, Y.-N. Zhou, Y.-C. Li, J. Nan, S.-T. Wang, Y.-M. Chai, B. Dong, Construction of n-type homogeneous to improve interfacial carrier transfer for enhanced photoelectrocatalytic hydrolysis. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 658, 258–266 (2024)

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

K. Abouemara, M. Shahbaz, G. Mckay, T. Al-Ansari, The review of power generation from integrated biomass gasification and solid oxide fuel cells: current status and future directions. Fuel 360, 130511 (2024)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Z.C. Sun, X.Y. Jiao, S.Y. Chu, Z.J. Li, Waste peanut shell derived porous carbon for dendrites -free aqueous zinc -ion batteries. Chem. Eng. Sci. 298, 120358 (2024)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

R. Qin, G. Chen, X. Feng, J. Weng, Y. Han, Ru/Ir‐Based electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction in acidic conditions: from mechanisms, optimizations to challenges. Adv. Sci. 11, 2309364 (2024)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

A.S. Mekonnin, K. Wacławiak, M. Humayun, S. Zhang, H. Ullah, Hydrogen storage technology, and its challenges: a review. Catalysts 15(3), 260 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15030260

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

K.S. Ahmad, S.B. Jaffri, K. Chaudhary, R.K. Gupta, G.A. Ashraf, N.H. Alotaibi, Harnessing energy sustainability: synthesis of BaS2:CoS:MnS semiconductor trichotomous chalcogenide for superior supercapacitor device operation. Ionics (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-025-06062-1

Article  Google Scholar 

Bendable & twistable oxide-polymer based hybrid electrochromic device: Flexible and multi-wavelength color modulation 2024, Materials Today Electronic

Electroplating of Lithium-metal electrode in different electrolyte for lithium batteries. 2025, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

X. Xu, R. Ray, Y. Gu, H.J. Ploehn, L. Gearheart, K. Raker, W.A. Scrivens, Electrophoretic analysis and purification of fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube fragments. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 12736–12737 (2004)

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Y.-P. Sun, B. Zhou, Y. Lin, W. Wang, K.S. Fernando, P. Pathak, M.J. Meziani, B.A. Harruff, X. Wang, H. Wang, Quantum-sized carbon dots for bright and colorful photoluminescence. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 7756–7757 (2006)

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

A.T. Krasley, E. Li, J.M. Galeana, C. Bulumulla, A.G. Beyene, G.S. Demirer, Carbon nanomaterial fluorescent probes and their biological applications. Chem. Rev. 124, 3085–3185 (2024)

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Y. Li, Q. Li, H. Wang, L. Zhang, D.P. Wilkinson, J. Zhang, Recent progresses in oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts for electrochemical energy applications. Electrochem. Energy Rev. 2, 518–538 (2019)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

X. Mao, L. Wang, Y. Li, Understanding pH-dependent oxygen reduction reaction on metal alloy catalysts. ACS Catal. 14, 5429–5435 (2024)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

X. Zhang, P. Lu, C. Zhang, X. Cui, Y. Xu, H. Qu, J. Shi, Towards understanding ORR activity and electron-transfer pathway of M-Nx/C electro-catalyst in acidic media. J. Catal. 356, 229–236 (2017)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

H. Yang, N. An, Z. Kang, P.W. Menezes, Z. Chen, Understanding advanced transition metal‐based two electron oxygen reduction electrocatalysts from the perspective of phase engineering. Adv. Mater. 11, 2400140 (2024)

Article  Google Scholar 

C. He, C. Xia, F.M. Li, J. Zhang, W. Guo, B.Y. Xia, Rational design of oxygen species adsorption on nonnoble metal catalysts for two-electron oxygen reduction. Adv. Energy Mater. 14, 2303233 (2024)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

W. Guan, T. Fang, Y. Zhang, S. Xu, M. Jia, B. Liu, Z. Zhang, A perspective on nitrogen-doped carbon in 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation. Green Chem. (2024)

Y. Li, Y.-F. Guo, Z.-X. Li, P.-F. Wang, Y. Xie, T.-F. Yi, Carbon-based nanomaterials for stabilizing zinc metal anodes towards high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Energy Storage Mater. 11, 103300 (2024)

Google Scholar 

C. Ji, Y. Zhou, R.M. Leblanc, Z. Peng, Recent developments of carbon dots in biosensing: a review. ACS sensors 5, 2724–2741 (2020)

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Y. Zhai, B. Zhang, R. Shi, S. Zhang, Y. Liu, B. Wang, K. Zhang, G.I. Waterhouse, T. Zhang, S. Lu, Carbon dots as new building blocks for electrochemical energy storage and electrocatalysis. Adv. Energy Mater. 12, 2103426 (2022)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

H. Xiao, M. Bai, M. Zhao, Z. Fu, W. Wang, P. Zhao, J. Ma, L. Zhang, J. Zhang, Y. He, Interfacial carbon dots introduced distribution-structure modulation of Pt loading on graphene towards enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 656, 214–224 (2024)

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Y. Shi, W. Su, F. Yuan, T. Yuan, X. Song, Y. Han, S. Wei, Y. Zhang, Y. Li, X. Li, Carbon dots for electroluminescent light-emitting diodes: recent progress and future prospects. Adv. Mater. 35, 2210699 (2023)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

H. Liu, X. Zhong, Q. Pan, Y. Zhang, W. Deng, G. Zou, H. Hou, X. Ji, A review of carbon dots in synthesis strategy. Coord. Chem. Rev. 498, 215468 (2024)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

X. Zhao, J. Wei, T. Song, Z. Wang, D. Yang, X. Zhang, F. Huo, Y. Zhang, H.-M. Xiong, Computational insights into carbon dots: evolution of structural models and structure–activity relationships. Chem. Eng. J. 11, 148779 (2024)

Article  Google Scholar 

Y. Jin, Y. Wang, P.-G. Ren, B. Zhang, Z. Zhao, X. Hou, F. Ren, Z. Chen, Z. Guo, H. Yang, Recent advances of carbon dots based emerging materials for supercapacitors applications. J. Energy Storage 85, 111118 (2024)

Article  Google Scholar 

M. Alafeef, I. Srivastava, T. Aditya, D. Pan, Carbon dots: from synthesis to unraveling the fluorescence mechanism. Small 20, 2303937 (2024)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

C. Liu, P. Zhang, X. Zhai, F. Tian, W. Li, J. Yang, Y. Liu, H. Wang, W. Wang, W. Liu, Nano-carrier for gene delivery and bioimaging based on carbon dots with PEI-passivation enhanced fluorescence. Biomaterials 33, 3604–3613 (2012)

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

R. Guo, L. Li, B. Wang, Y. Xiang, G. Zou, Y. Zhu, H. Hou, X. Ji, Functionalized carbon dots for advanced batteries. Energy Storage Mater. 37, 8–39 (2021)

Article  Google Scholar 

Y. Li, Y. Zhao, H. Cheng, Y. Hu, G. Shi, L. Dai, L. Qu, Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots with oxygen-rich functional groups. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 15–18 (2011)

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

S. Gao, Y. Chen, H. Fan, X. Wei, C. Hu, L. Wang, L. Qu, A green one-arrow-two-hawks strategy for nitrogen-doped carbon dots as fluorescent ink and oxygen reduction electrocatalysts. J. Mater. Chem. A 2, 6320–6325 (2014)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

J. Zhang, J. Chen, Y. Luo, Y. Chen, X. Wei, G. Wang, R. Wang, Sandwich-like electrode with tungsten nitride nanosheets decorated with carbon dots as efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction. Appl. Surf. Sci. 466, 911–919 (2019)

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

T. Van Tam, S.G. Kang, K.F. Babu, E.-S. Oh, S.G. Lee, W.M. Choi, Synthesis of B-doped graphene quantum dots as a metal-free electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction. J. Mater. Chem. A 5, 10537–10543 (2017)

Article  Google Scholar 

M. Le, B. Hu, M. Wu, H. Guo, L. Wang, Construction of Co, N-coordinated carbon dots for efficient oxygen reduction reaction. Molecules 27, 5021 (2022)

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Y. Han, D. Tang, Y. Yang, C. Li, W. Kong, H. Huang, Y. Liu, Z. Kang, Non-metal single/dual doped carbon quantum dots: a general flame synthetic method and electro-catalytic properties. Nanoscale 7, 5955–5962 (2015)

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar