Poorkaj P, Grossman M, Steinbart E, Payami H, Sadovnick A, Nochlin D, et al. Frequency of tau gene mutations in familial and sporadic cases of non-Alzheimer dementia. Arch Neurol. 2001;58:383–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

van Swieten J, Spillantini MG. Hereditary frontotemporal dementia caused by Tau gene mutations. Brain Pathol. 2007;17:63–73.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dickson DW, Kouri N, Murray ME, Josephs KA. Neuropathology of frontotemporal lobar degeneration-tau (FTLD-tau). J Mol Neurosci. 2011;45:384–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Goedert M, Spillantini MG, Falcon B, Zhang W, Newell KL, Hasegawa M, et al. Tau protein and frontotemporal dementias. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1281:177–99.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Binder LI, Frankfurter A, Rebhun LI. The distribution of tau in the mammalian central nervous system. J Cell Biol. 1985;101:1371–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Goedert M, Spillantini MG, Potier MC, Ulrich J, Crowther RA. Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA encoding an isoform of microtubule-associated protein tau containing four tandem repeats: differential expression of tau protein mRNAs in human brain. EMBO J. 1989;8:393–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Forrest SL, Wagner S, Kim A, Kovacs GG. Association of glial tau pathology and LATE-NC in the ageing brain. Neurobiol Aging. 2022;119:77–88.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kovacs GG, Ferrer I, Grinberg LT, Alafuzoff I, Attems J, Budka H, et al. Aging-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG): harmonized evaluation strategy. Acta Neuropathol. 2016;131:87–102.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kovacs GG, Majtenyi K, Spina S, Murrell JR, Gelpi E, Hoftberger R, et al. White matter tauopathy with globular glial inclusions: a distinct sporadic frontotemporal lobar degeneration. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2008;67:963–75.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bolos M, Llorens-Martin M, Jurado-Arjona J, Hernandez F, Rabano A, Avila J. Direct evidence of internalization of tau by microglia in vitro and in vivo. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;50:77–87.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Giannini LAA, Ohm DT, Rozemuller AJM, Dratch L, Suh E, van Deerlin VM, et al. Isoform-specific patterns of tau burden and neuronal degeneration in MAPT-associated frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Acta Neuropathol. 2022;144:1065–84.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bevan-Jones WR, Cope TE, Jones PS, Passamonti L, Hong YT, Fryer T, et al. In vivo evidence for pre-symptomatic neuroinflammation in a MAPT mutation carrier. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2019;6:373–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Miyoshi M, Shinotoh H, Wszolek ZK, Strongosky AJ, Shimada H, Arakawa R, et al. In vivo detection of neuropathologic changes in presymptomatic MAPT mutation carriers: a PET and MRI study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2010;16:404–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lant SB, Robinson AC, Thompson JC, Rollinson S, Pickering-Brown S, Snowden JS, et al. Patterns of microglial cell activation in frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2014;40:686–96.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Malpetti M, Cope TE, Street D, Jones PS, Hezemans FH, Mak E, et al. Microglial activation in the frontal cortex predicts cognitive decline in frontotemporal dementia. Brain. 2023;146:3221–31.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Malpetti M, Rittman T, Jones PS, Cope TE, Passamonti L, Bevan-Jones WR, et al. In vivo PET imaging of neuroinflammation in familial frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2021;92:319–22.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

LoPresti P, Szuchet S, Papasozomenos SC, Zinkowski RP, Binder LI. Functional implications for the microtubule-associated protein tau: localization in oligodendrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995;92:10369–73.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Miyazono M, Iwaki T, Kitamoto T, Shin RW, Fukui M, Tateishi J. Widespread distribution of tau in the astrocytic elements of glial tumors. Acta Neuropathol. 1993;86:236–41.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Torii T, Miyamoto Y, Nakata R, Higashi Y, Shinmyo Y, Kawasaki H, et al. Identification of Tau protein as a novel marker for maturation and pathological changes of oligodendrocytes. Glia. 2023;71:1002–17.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ferrer I, Aguilo Garcia M, Carmona M, Andres-Benito P, Torrejon-Escribano B, Garcia-Esparcia P, et al. Involvement of oligodendrocytes in tau seeding and spreading in tauopathies. Front Aging Neurosci. 2019;11:112.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mothes T, Portal B, Konstantinidis E, Eltom K, Libard S, Streubel-Gallasch L, et al. Astrocytic uptake of neuronal corpses promotes cell-to-cell spreading of tau pathology. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2023;11:97.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gratuze M, Chen Y, Parhizkar S, Jain N, Strickland MR, Serrano JR, et al. Activated microglia mitigate Abeta-associated tau seeding and spreading. J Exp Med. 2021;218:e20210542.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gratuze M, Leyns CE, Sauerbeck AD, St-Pierre MK, Xiong M, Kim N, et al. Impact of TREM2R47H variant on tau pathology-induced gliosis and neurodegeneration. J Clin Invest. 2020;130:4954–68.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Toral-Rios D, Long JM, Ulrich JD, Yu J, Strickland MR, Han X, et al. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase mediates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy. J Exp Med. 2024;221:e20232000.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang C, Fan L, Khawaja RR, Liu B, Zhan L, Kodama L, et al. Microglial NF-kappaB drives tau spreading and toxicity in a mouse model of tauopathy. Nat Commun. 2022;13:1969.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brelstaff J, Tolkovsky AM, Ghetti B, Goedert M, Spillantini MG. Living neurons with tau filaments aberrantly expose phosphatidylserine and are phagocytosed by microglia. Cell Rep. 2018;24:1939–48.e1934.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dejanovic B, Huntley MA, De Maziere A, Meilandt WJ, Wu T, Srinivasan K, et al. Changes in the synaptic proteome in tauopathy and rescue of tau-induced synapse loss by C1q antibodies. Neuron. 2018;100:1322–36.e1327.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pampuscenko K, Morkuniene R, Krasauskas L, Smirnovas V, Brown GC, Borutaite V. Extracellular tau stimulates phagocytosis of living neurons by activated microglia via Toll-like 4 receptor-NLRP3 inflammasome-caspase-1 signalling axis. Sci Rep. 2023;13:10813.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Leyns CEG, Holtzman DM. Glial contributions to neurodegeneration in tauopathies. Mol Neurodegener. 2017;12:50.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central