Cooper RM, Parotto M. Extubation and reintubation of the difficult airway. In: Hagberg and Benumof’s airway management. 5th ed. Elsevier; 2023. p. 853–75.

Google Scholar 

Mitchell V, Cooper R. Extubation. In: Cook T, Seltz Kristensen M, editors. Core topics in airway management. Cambridge: Cambrigde University Press; 2021. p. 177–84.

Google Scholar 

Benham-Hermetz J, Mitchell V. Safe tracheal extubation after general anaesthesia. BJA Educt. 2021;21:446–54.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Heidegger T. Extubation of the difficult airway - an important but neglected topic. Anaesthesia. 2012;67:213–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Apfelbaum JL, Hagberg CA, Connis RT, Abdelmalak BB, Agarkar M, Dutton RP, Fiadjoe JE, Greif R, Klock P, Allan Jr; Mercier D, Myatra SN, O’Sullivan, EP; Rosenblatt WH, Sorbello M, Tung A. American society of anesthesiologists practice guidelines for management of the difficult airway. Anesthesiology. 2022;136:31–81.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Heidegger T. Management of the difficult airway. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:1836–47.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Asai T, Koga K, Vaughan RS. Respiratory complications associated with tracheal intubation and extubation. Br J Anaesth. 1998;80:767–75.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rose DK, Cohen MM, Wigglesworth DF, DeBoer DP. Critical respiratory events in the postanesthesia care unit. patient, surgical, and anesthetic factors. Anesthesiology. 1994;81:410–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chinachoti T, Chau-in W, Suraseranivongse S, Kitsampanwong W, Kongrit P. Postoperative reintubation after planned extubation in Thai anesthesia incidents study (THAI Study). J Med Assoc Thai. 2005;88(Suppl 7):S84-94.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ting PC, Chou AH, Yang MW, Ho AC, Chang CJ, Chang SC. Postoperative reintubation after planned extubation: a review of 137,866 general anesthetics from 2005 to 2007 in a medical center of Taiwan. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan. 2010;48:167–71.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Joffe AM, Aziz MF, Posner KL, Duggan LV, Mincer SL, Domino KB. Management of difficult tracheal intubation: a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology. 2019;131:818–29.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Peterson GN, Domino KB, Caplan RA, Posner KL, Lee LA, Cheney FW. Management of the difficult airway: a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology. 2005;103:33–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cook TM, Woodall N, Frerk C, P Fourth National Audit. Major complications of airway management in the UK: results of the fourth national audit project of the royal college of anaesthetists and the difficult airway society part 1: anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2011;106:617–31.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hartley M, Vaughan RS. Problems associated with tracheal extubation. Br J Anaesth. 1993;71:561–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Miller KA, Harkin CP, Bailey PL. Postoperative tracheal extubation. Anesth Analg. 1995;80:149–72.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kornas RL, Owyang CG, Sakles JC, Foley LJ, Mosier JM, Society for Airway Management’s Special Projects C. Evaluation and management of the physiologically difficult airway: consensus recommendations from society for airway management. Anesth Analg. 2021;132:395–405.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sakles JC, Chiu S, Mosier J, Walker C, Stolz U. The importance of first pass success when performing orotracheal intubation in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2013;20:71–8.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mort TC. Emergency tracheal intubation: complications associated with repeated laryngoscopic attempts. Anesth Analg. 2004;99:607–13.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bernhard M, Becker TK, Gries A, Knapp J, Wenzel V. The first shot is often the best shot: first-pass intubation success in emergency airway management. Anesth Analg. 2015;121:1389–93.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Berkow L, Kanowitz A. Unplanned extubation in the perioperative environment. APSF Newsl. 2022;37:1–4.

Google Scholar 

Guillemin J, Rieu B, Huet O, Villeret L, Pons S, Bignon A, Quentin de Roux, Cinotti R, Legros V, Plantefeve G , Dayhot-Fizelier C, Omar E, Cadoz C, Bounes F, Caplin C, Toumert K, Martinez T, Bouvier D, Coutrot M, Godet T, Garçon P, Constantin J-M , Assefi M, Blanchard F, on behalf of SFAR research network. Prospective multi-center evaluation of the incidence of unplanned extubation and its outcomes in French intensive care units. the safe-ICU study. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accpm.2024.101411.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

da Silva PS, Fonseca MC. Unplanned endotracheal extubations in the intensive care unit: systematic review, critical appraisal, and evidence-based recommendations. Anesth Analg. 2012;114:1003–14.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cook TM, El-Boghdadly K, McGuire B, McNarry AF, Patel A, Higgs A. Consensus guidelines for managing the airway in patients with COVID-19: guidelines from the difficult airway society, the association of anaesthetists the intensive care society, the faculty of intensive care medicine and the royal college of anaesthetists. Anaesthesia. 2020;75:785–99.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Naguib M, Kopman AF, Ensor JE. Neuromuscular monitoring and postoperative residual curarisation: a meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2007;98:302–16.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kirmeier E, Eriksson LI, Lewald H, Jonsson Fagerlund M, Hoeft A, Hollmann M, Meistelman C, Hunter JM, Ulm K, Blobner M, and the POPULAR Contributors. Post-anaesthesia pulmonary complications after use of muscle relaxants (POPULAR): a multicentre, prospective observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2019;7:129–40.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bhattacharya M, Kallet RH, Ware LB, Matthay MA. Negative-pressure pulmonary oedema. Chest. 2016;150:927–33.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Law JA, Duggan LV, Asselin M, Baker P, Crosby E, Downey A, Hung OR, Kovacs G, Lemay F, Noppens R , Parotto M , Preston R, Sowers N , Sparrow K, Turkstra TP, Wong DT, Jones PM, for the Canadian Airway Focus Group. Canadian airway focus group updated consensus-based recommendations for management of the difficult airway: part 2. planning and implementing safe management of the patient with an anticipated difficult airway. Can J Anesth. 2021;68:1373–404.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gupta RM, Parvizi J, Hanssen AD, Gay PC. Postoperative complications in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome undergoing hip or knee replacement: a case-control study. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001;76:897–905.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kristensen MS. Airway management and morbid obesity. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010;27(11):923–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kaw R, Chung F, Pasupuleti V, Mehta J, Gay PC, Hernandez AV. Meta-analysis of the association between obstructive sleep apnoea and postoperative outcome. Br J Anaesth. 2012;109:897–906.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cavallone LF, Vannucci A. Extubation of the difficult airway and extubation failure. Anesth Analg. 2013;116:368–83.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Heidegger T, Hagberg CA. Algorithms for management of the difficult airway. In: Hagberg CA, Artime CA, Aziz MF, editors. Hagberg and Benumof’s airway management. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2023. p. 214–28.

Google Scholar 

Popat M, Mitchell V, Dravid R, Patel A, Swampillai C, Higgs A. Difficult airway society guidelines for the management of tracheal extubation. Anaesthesia. 2012;67:318–40.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Piepho T, Kriege M, Byhan C, Cavus E, Dörges V, Ilper H, Kehl F, Loop T, Raymondos K, Sujatta S, Timmermann A, Zwißler B, Noppens R. S1 airway management guideline 2023. Anästh Intensivmed. 2024;65:69–96. https://doi.org/10.19224/ai2024.069.

Article  Google Scholar 

Gomez-Rios MA, Sastre JA, Onrubia-Fuertes X, Lopez T, Abad-Gurumeta A, Casans-Frances R, Gómez- Ríos D, Garzónb JC, Martínez-Pons V, Casalderrey-Rivas M, Fernández-Vaquero MÁ, Martínez-Hurtado E, Martín- Larrauri R, Reviriego-Agudo L, Gutierrez-Couto U, García-Fernández J, Serrano-Moraza A, Rodríguez Martín LJ, Camacho Leis C, Espinosa Ramírez S, Charco-Mora P, Spanish society of anesthesiology, reanimation and pain therapy (SEDAR), Spanish society of emergency and emergency medicine (SEMES) and Spanish society of otolaryngology, head and neck surgery (SEORL-CCC) guideline for difficult airway management. part II. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2024;71:207–47.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Quintard H, I’Her E, Pottecher J, Adnet F, Constantin J-M, De Jong A , Diemunsch P , Fesseau R, Freynet A, Girault C, Guitton C, Hamonic Y , Maury E, Mekontso-Dessap A, Michel F, Nolent P, Perbet S, Prat G, Roquilly A, Tazarourte K, Terzi N, Thille AW, Alves M, Gayat E, Donetti L, Experts’ guidelines of intubation and extubation of the ICU patient of French society of anaesthesia and intensive care medicine (SFAR) and French-speaking Intensive care society (SRLF): In collaboration with the pediatric association of French-speaking anaesthetist