Schreiber, S. L. Target-oriented and diversity-oriented organic synthesis in drug discovery. Science 287, 1964–1969 (2000).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Campos, K. R. et al. The importance of synthetic chemistry in the pharmaceutical industry. Science 363, eaat0805 (2019).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Blakemore, D. C. et al. Organic synthesis provides opportunities to transform drug discovery. Nat. Chem. 10, 383–394 (2018).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Cernak, T., Dykstra, K. D., Tyagarajan, S., Vachal, P. & Krska, S. W. The medicinal chemist’s toolbox for late stage functionalization of drug-like molecules. Chem. Soc. Rev. 45, 546–576 (2016).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Jurczyk, J. et al. Single-atom logic for heterocycle editing. Nat. Synth. 1, 352–364 (2022).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Szpilman, A. M. & Carreira, E. M. Probing the biology of natural products: molecular editing by diverted total synthesis. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49, 9592–9628 (2010).
Vitaku, E., Smith, D. T. & Njardarson, J. T. Analysis of the structural diversity, substitution patterns, and frequency of nitrogen heterocycles among US FDA approved pharmaceuticals. J. Med. Chem. 57, 10257–10274 (2014).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Campos, K. R. Direct sp3 C–H bond activation adjacent to nitrogen in heterocycles. Chem. Soc. Rev. 36, 1069–1084 (2007).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Feng, K. et al. Late-stage oxidative C(sp3)–H methylation. Nature 580, 621–627 (2020).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Jain, P., Verma, P., Xia, G. & Yu, J.-Q. Enantioselective amine α-functionalization via palladium-catalysed C–H arylation of thioamides. Nat. Chem. 9, 140–144 (2017).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Topczewski, J. T., Cabrera, P. J., Saper, N. I. & Sanford, M. S. Palladium-catalysed transannular C–H functionalization of alicyclic amines. Nature 531, 220–224 (2016).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Lin, W., Zhang, K.-F. & Baudoin, O. Regiodivergent enantioselective C–H functionalization of Boc-1,3-oxazinanes for the synthesis of β2- and β3-amino acids. Nat. Catal. 2, 882–888 (2019).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Chen, W., Paul, A., Abboud, K. A. & Seidel, D. Rapid functionalization of multiple C–H bonds in unprotected alicyclic amines. Nat. Chem. 12, 545–550 (2020).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Sarver, P. J. et al. The merger of decatungstate and copper catalysis to enable aliphatic C(sp3)–H trifluoromethylation. Nat. Chem. 12, 459–467 (2020).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Oeschger, R. et al. Diverse functionalization of strong alkyl C–H bonds by undirected borylation. Science 368, 736–741 (2020).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fan, Z. et al. Molecular editing of aza-arene C–H bonds by distance, geometry and chirality. Nature 610, 87–93 (2022).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Roque, J. B., Kuroda, Y., Göttemann, L. T. & Sarpong, R. Deconstructive fluorination of cyclic amines by carbon–carbon cleavage. Science 361, 171–174 (2018).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Roque, J. B., Kuroda, Y., Göttemann, L. T. & Sarpong, R. Deconstructive diversification of cyclic amines. Nature 564, 244–248 (2018).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kennedy, S. H., Dherange, B. D., Berger, K. J. & Levin, M. D. Skeletal editing through direct nitrogen deletion of secondary amines. Nature 593, 223–227 (2021).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Jurczyk, J. et al. Photomediated ring contraction of saturated heterocycles. Science 373, 1004–1012 (2021).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wright, B. A. et al. Skeletal editing approach to bridge-functionalized bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes from azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 145, 10960–10966 (2023).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Woo, J. et al. Scaffold hopping by net photochemical carbon deletion of azaarenes. Science 376, 527–532 (2022).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Dherange, B. D., Kelly, P. Q., Liles, J. P., Sigman, M. S. & Levin, M. D. Carbon atom insertion into pyrroles and indoles promoted by chlorodiazirines. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143, 11337–11344 (2021).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hyland, E. E., Kelly, P. Q., McKillop, A. M., Dherange, B. D. & Levin, M. D. Unified access to pyrimidines and quinazolines enabled by N–N cleaving carbon atom insertion. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 144, 19258–19264 (2022).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Reisenbauer, J. C., Green, O., Franchino, A., Finkelstein, P. & Morandi, B. Late-stage diversification of indole skeletons through nitrogen atom insertion. Science 377, 1104–1109 (2022).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Lyu, H., Kevlishvili, I., Yu, X., Liu, P. & Dong, G. Boron insertion into alkyl ether bonds via zinc/nickel tandem catalysis. Science 372, 175–182 (2021).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Feng, Q., Wang, Q. & Zhu, J. Oxidative rearrangement of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes to ketones. Science 379, 1363–1368 (2023).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Wang, H. et al. Dearomative ring expansion of thiophenes by bicyclobutane insertion. Science 381, 75–81 (2023).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ouyang, K., Hao, W., Zhang, W.-X. & Xi, Z. Transition-metal-catalyzed cleavage of C–N single bonds. Chem. Rev. 115, 12045–12090 (2015).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Huang, C.-Y. & Doyle, A. G. The chemistry of transition metals with three-membered ring heterocycles. Chem. Rev. 114, 8153–8198 (2014).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Donald, J. R. & Unsworth, W. P. Ring-expansion reactions in the synthesis of macrocycles and medium-sized rings. Chemistry 23, 8780–8799 (2017).
Comments (0)