Cecconi M, Evans L, Levy M, Rhodes A. Sepsis and septic shock. Lancet (London, England). 2018;392:75–87.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mouchiroud L, Houtkooper RH, Auwerx J. NAD(+) metabolism: a therapeutic target for age-related metabolic disease. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2013;48:397–408.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liaudet L, Mabley JG, Soriano FG, Pacher P, Marton A, Haskó G, Szabó C. Inosine reduces systemic inflammation and improves survival in septic shock induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164:1213–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kwon WY, Suh GJ, Kim KS, Kwak YH. Niacin attenuates lung inflammation and improves survival during sepsis by downregulating the nuclear factor-kappaB pathway. Crit Care Med. 2011;39:328–34.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hong G, Zheng D, Zhang L, Ni R, Wang G, Fan GC, Lu Z, Peng T. Administration of nicotinamide riboside prevents oxidative stress and organ injury in sepsis. Free Radical Biol Med. 2018;123:125–37.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Belenky P, Bogan KL, Brenner C. NAD+ metabolism in health and disease. Trends Biochem Sci. 2007;32:12–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yagi M, Toshima T, Amamoto R, Do Y, Hirai H, Setoyama D, Kang D, Uchiumi T. Mitochondrial translation deficiency impairs NAD(+) -mediated lysosomal acidification. EMBO J. 2021;40:e105268.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Klimova N, Fearnow A, Long A, Kristian T. NAD(+) precursor modulates post-ischemic mitochondrial fragmentation and reactive oxygen species generation via SIRT3 dependent mechanisms. Exp Neurol. 2020;325:113144.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu S, She F, Zhang W, Hu X, Zhao X, Yao Y. Tryptophan decreases the intensity of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in a rat model. Amino Acids. 2020;52:1139–47.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zeden JP, Fusch G, Holtfreter B, Schefold JC, Reinke P, Domanska G, Haas JP, Gruendling M, Westerholt A, Schuett C. Excessive tryptophan catabolism along the kynurenine pathway precedes ongoing sepsis in critically ill patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2010;38:307–16.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yuan H, Wan J, Li L, Ge P, Li H, Zhang L. Therapeutic benefits of the group B3 vitamin nicotinamide in mice with lethal endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis. Pharmacol Res. 2012;65:328–37.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bitterman KJ, Anderson RM, Cohen HY, Latorre-Esteves M, Sinclair DA. Inhibition of silencing and accelerated aging by nicotinamide, a putative negative regulator of yeast sir2 and human SIRT1. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:45099–107.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bogan KL, Brenner C. Nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and nicotinamide riboside: a molecular evaluation of NAD+ precursor vitamins in human nutrition. Annu Rev Nutr. 2008;28:115–30.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dollerup OL, Christensen B, Svart M, Schmidt MS, Sulek K, Ringgaard S, Stodkilde-Jorgensen H, Moller N, Brenner C, Treebak JT, Jessen N. A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of nicotinamide riboside in obese men: safety, insulin-sensitivity, and lipid-mobilizing effects. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;108:343–53.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Irie J, Inagaki E, Fujita M, Nakaya H, Mitsuishi M, Yamaguchi S, Yamashita K, Shigaki S, Ono T, Yukioka H, Okano H, Nabeshima YI, Imai SI, Yasui M, Tsubota K, Itoh H. Effect of oral administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide on clinical parameters and nicotinamide metabolite levels in healthy Japanese men. Endocr J. 2020;67:153–60.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Belenky P, Racette FG, Bogan KL, McClure JM, Smith JS, Brenner C. Nicotinamide riboside promotes Sir2 silencing and extends lifespan via Nrk and Urh1/Pnp1/Meu1 pathways to NAD+. Cell. 2007;129:473–84.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hong W, Mo F, Zhang Z, Huang M, Wei X. Nicotinamide mononucleotide: a promising molecule for therapy of diverse diseases by targeting NAD+ metabolism. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:246.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu J, Zong Z, Zhang W, Chen Y, Wang X, Shen J, Yang C, Liu X, Deng H. Nicotinamide mononucleotide alleviates LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress via decreasing COX-2 expression in macrophages. Front Mol Biosci. 2021;8:702107.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tian Y, Zhu CL, Li P, Li HR, Liu Q, Deng XM, Wang JF. Nicotinamide mononucleotide attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects. J Surg Res. 2022;283:9–18.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

He S, Gao Q, Wu X, Shi J, Zhang Y, Yang J, Li X, Du S, Yu J. NAD(+) ameliorates endotoxin-induced acute kidney injury in a sirtuin1-dependent manner via GSK-3beta/Nrf2 signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med. 2022;26:1979–93.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cros C, Margier M, Cannelle H, Charmetant J, Hulo N, Laganier L, Grozio A, Canault M. Nicotinamide mononucleotide administration triggers macrophages reprogramming and alleviates inflammation during sepsis induced by experimental peritonitis. Front Mol Biosci. 2022;9:895028.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bernardi P, Rasola A, Forte M, Lippe G. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore: channel formation by F-ATP synthase, integration in signal transduction, and role in pathophysiology. Physiol Rev. 2015;95:1111–55.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Koentges C, Cimolai MC, Pfeil K, Wolf D, Marchini T, Tarkhnishvili A, Hoffmann MM, Odening KE, Diehl P, von Zur MC, Alvarez S, Bode C, Zirlik A, Bugger H. Impaired SIRT3 activity mediates cardiac dysfunction in endotoxemia by calpain-dependent disruption of ATP synthesis. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2019;133:138–47.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fonai F, Priber JK, Jakus PB, Kalman N, Antus C, Pollak E, Karsai G, Tretter L, Sumegi B, Veres B. Lack of cyclophilin D protects against the development of acute lung injury in endotoxemia. Biochem Biophys Acta. 2015;1852:2563–73.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sun F, Si Y, Bao H, Xu Y, Pan X, Zeng L, Jing L. Regulation of Sirtuin 3-mediated deacetylation of cyclophilin D attenuated cognitive dysfunction induced by sepsis-associated encephalopathy in mice. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2017;37:1457–64.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Veres B, Eros K, Antus C, Kalman N, Fonai F, Jakus PB, Boros E, Hegedus Z, Nagy I, Tretter L, Gallyas F Jr, Sumegi B. Cyclophilin D-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition amplifies inflammatory reprogramming in endotoxemia. FEBS Open Bio. 2021;11:684–704.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kobayashi T, Uchino H, Elmer E, Ogihara Y, Fujita H, Sekine S, Ishida Y, Saiki I, Shibata S, Kawachi A. Disease outcome and brain metabolomics of cyclophilin-D knockout mice in sepsis. Int J Mol Sci. 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020961.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zheng D, Yu Y, Li M, Wang G, Chen R, Fan GC, Martin C, Xiong S, Peng T. Inhibition of microRNA 195 prevents apoptosis and multiple-organ injury in mouse models of sepsis. J Infect Dis. 2016;213:1661–70.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zheng D, Cao T, Zhang LL, Fan GC, Qiu J, Peng TQ. Targeted inhibition of calpain in mitochondria alleviates oxidative stress-induced myocardial injury. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021;42:909–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Green TP, Johnson DE, Marchessault RP, Gatto CW. Transvascular flux and tissue accrual of Evans blue: effects of endotoxin and histamine. J Lab Clin Med. 1988;111:173–83.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rui T, Feng Q, Lei M, Peng T, Zhang J, Xu M, Abel ED, Xenocostas A, Kvietys PR. Erythropoietin prevents the acute myocardial inflammatory response induced by ischemia/reperfusion via induction of AP-1. Cardiovasc Res. 2005;65:719–27.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vong L, Sherman PM, Glogauer M. Quantification and visualization of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) from murine bone marrow-derived neutrophils. Methods Mol Biol. 2013;1031:41–50.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Graesser D, Solowiej A, Bruckner M, Osterweil E, Juedes A, Davis S, Ruddle NH, Engelhardt B, Madri JA. Altered vascular permeability and early onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in PECAM-1-deficient mice. J Clin Invest. 2002;109:383–92.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cao T, Fan S, Zheng D, Wang G, Yu Y, Chen R, Song LS, Fan GC, Zhang Z, Peng T. Increased calpain-1 in mitochondria induces dilated heart failure in mice: role of mitochondrial superoxide anion. Basic Res Cardiol. 2019;114:17.

Article