POWERS was funded as a Cooperative Agreement between the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) and the following investigators: Rudolph L. Leibel, MD [Contact], Dympna Gallagher, EdD, Laurel Mayer, MD, Michael Rosenbaum, MD (UH3-DK128302); Michael R. Lowe PhD [Contact], Kelly Allison, PhD, Matthew Hayes, PhD, Susan Roberts, PhD (UH3-DK128298); and Steven H. Belle, PhD, MScHyg (U24-DK128125). Additional funding to support this study was provided to Panayiotis V. Benos, PhD (R01 HL159805), Rudolph L. Leibel, MD (P30 DK026687 Human Phenotyping Core, Molecular Biology Molecular Genetics Core), Muredach Reilly, MBBCh, MSCE (UL1TR001873 Clinical Research Resource; Bionutrition Unit), Dympna Gallagher, EdD (T32 DK007559 in support of Giada Benasi, PhD and K26 DK138418), Anthony W. Ferrante, MD, PhD (Hunter Eastman Fellowship in Translational Research in support of Maxine Ashby-Thompson, EdD). Roger A Fielding, PhD was partially supported by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), under agreement No. 58-8050-9-004, by NIH Boston Claude D. Pepper Center (OAIC; 1P30AG031679) and Sai Krupa Das was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Cooperative Agreement # 58-8050-9-004 and # 1950-51000-071-01S. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. The project described was supported by the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through Grant 5-UL1-TR-001878-09. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Additional support was provided by the Robard Corporation, Mt Laurel, New Jersey, which supplied Numetra meal replacement products.