Yang, X. J. et al. A molecular classification of papillary renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 65, 5628–5637 (2005).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Siegel, R. L., Miller, K. D. & Jemal, A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J. Clin. 70, 7–30 (2020).

Article  Google Scholar 

Sepe, P. et al. Characteristics and treatment challenges of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancers 13, 3807 (2021).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Barthélémy, P. et al. Non-clear cell renal carcinomas: review of new molecular insights and recent clinical data. Cancer Treat. Rev. 97, 102191 (2021).

Article  Google Scholar 

Naik, P. et al. The incidence, pathogenesis, and management of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Ther. Adv. Urol. 16, 17562872241232578 (2024).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Marchetti, A. et al. The molecular characteristics of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: What’s the story morning glory? Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 6237 (2021).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Barata, P. et al. Renal cell carcinoma histologic subtypes exhibit distinct transcriptional profiles. J. Clin. Invest. 134, e178915 (2024).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

John, A., Spain, L. & Hamid, A. A. Navigating the current landscape of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a review of the literature. Curr. Oncol. 30, 923–937 (2023).

Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pezzicoli, G. et al. Genomic profiling and molecular characterization of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a narrative review from a clinical perspective. Therapeutic Adv. Med. Oncol. 16, 17588359241298500 (2024).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kovacs, G. et al. The Heidelberg classification of renal cell tumours. J. Pathol. 183, 131–133 (1997).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Delahunt, B. et al. Morphologic typing of papillary renal cell carcinoma: comparison of growth kinetics and patient survival in 66 cases. Hum. Pathol. 32, 590–595 (2001).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Delahunt, B. & Eble, J. N. Papillary renal cell carcinoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 105 tumors. Mod. Pathol. 10, 537–544 (1997).

CAS  Google Scholar 

Murugan, P. et al. Papillary renal cell carcinoma: a single institutional study of 199 cases addressing classification, clinicopathologic and molecular features, and treatment outcome. Mod. Pathol. 35, 825–835 (2022).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Goswami, P. R., Singh, G., Patel, T. & Dave, R. The WHO 2022 classification of renal neoplasms (5th Edition): salient updates. Cureus 16, e58470 (2024).

PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Alaghehbandan, R., Siadat, F. & Trpkov, K. What’s new in the WHO 2022 classification of kidney tumours? Pathologica 115, 8–22 (2022).

Google Scholar 

Caliò, A., Marletta, S., Brunelli, M. & Martignoni, G. WHO 2022 classification of kidney tumors: what is relevant? An update and future novelties for the pathologist. Pathologica 115, 23–31 (2022).

Google Scholar 

Linehan, W. M. et al. Comprehensive molecular characterization of papillary renal-cell carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 374, 135–145 (2016).

Article  Google Scholar 

Angori, S., Lobo, J. & Moch, H. Papillary renal cell carcinoma: current and controversial issues. Curr. Opin. Urol. 32, 344–351 (2022).

Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rini, B. I., Rathmell, W. K. & Godley, P. Renal cell carcinoma. Curr. Opin. Oncol. 20, 300–306 (2008).

Article  Google Scholar 

Padala, S. A. et al. Epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma. World J. Oncol. 11, 79–87 (2020).

Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Casuscelli, J. et al. Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: results from a large single-institution series. Clin. Genitourin. Cancer 17, 373–379.e4 (2019).

Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Garje, R. et al. Comprehensive review of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 160, 103287 (2021).

Article  Google Scholar 

Alaghehbandan, R., Przybycin, C. G., Verkarre, V. & Mehra, R. Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: novel molecular insights and clinicopathologic updates. Asian J. Urol. 9, 1–11 (2022).

Article  Google Scholar 

Lipworth, L. et al. Renal cell cancer histological subtype distribution differs by race and sex. BJU Int. 117, 260–265 (2016).

Article  Google Scholar 

Patel, N. H. et al. Comparative analysis of smoking as a risk factor among renal cell carcinoma histological subtypes. J. Urol. 194, 640–646 (2015).

Article  Google Scholar 

Idoate, M. A., Trigo, I., Saenz de Zaitigui, J., Pérez-Pérez, M. & Ríos, J. J. Morphological and molecular study of hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumor of the kidney associated with sporadic renal oncocytosis and chronic B-cell lymphocytic leukemia: the possible contribution of lymphoma to renal oncocytosis. Pathobiology 88, 313–322 (2021).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Maughan, B. L. Start of a new era: management of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma in 2022. Curr. Oncol. Rep. 24, 1201–1208 (2022).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang, X. M. et al. Lessons from 801 clinical TFE3/TFEB fluorescence in situ hybridization assays performed on renal cell carcinoma suspicious for MiTF family aberrations. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 160, 549–554 (2023).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Tretiakova, M. ALK translocation. PathologyOutlines https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/kidneytumorALKtranslocationrcc.html (2025).

Beckermann, K. E. et al. Renal medullary carcinoma: establishing standards in practice. J. Oncol. Pract. 13, 414–421 (2017).

Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sirohi, D., Smith, S. C., Agarwal, N. & Maughan, B. L. Unclassified renal cell carcinoma: diagnostic difficulties and treatment modalities. Res. Rep. Urol. 10, 205–217 (2018).

CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kapur, P., Brugarolas, J. & Trpkov, K. Recent advances in renal tumors with TSC/mTOR pathway abnormalities in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex and in the sporadic setting. Cancers 15, 4043 (2023).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tretiakova, M. S. Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma mimicking epithelioid angiomyolipoma: series of 4 primary tumors and 2 metastases. Hum. Pathol. 80, 65–75 (2018).

Article  Google Scholar 

Tsuzuki, T., Iwata, H., Murase, Y., Takahara, T. & Ohashi, A. Renal tumors in end-stage renal disease: a comprehensive review. Int. J. Urol. 25, 780–786 (2018).

Article  Google Scholar 

Demko, N. et al. A sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma with clear cell papillary-like primary tumor and lymph node metastasis: a diagnostic conundrum. Int. J. Surg. Pathol. 31, 890–895 (2023).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Charbel, C. et al. The prevalence and radiologic features of renal cancers associated with FLCN, BAP1, SDH, and MET germline mutations. Radiol. Imaging Cancer 6, e230063 (2024).

Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dawsey, S. J. & Gupta, S. Hereditary renal cell carcinoma. Kidney Cancer 6, 83–93 (2022).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Dudani, S. et al. Evaluation of clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma metastasis sites and association with survival. JAMA Netw. Open 4, e2021869 (2021).

Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gupta, S. & Kanwar, S. S. Biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma and their targeted therapies: a review. Explor. Target. Antitumor Ther. 4, 941–961 (2023).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sarhadi, V. K. & Armengol, G. Molecular biomarkers in cancer. Biomolecules 12, 1021 (2022).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Linehan, W. M., Srinivasan, R. & Garcia, J. A. Non-clear cell renal cancer: disease-based management and opportunities for targeted therapeutic approaches. Semin. Oncol. 40, 511–520 (2013).