Singh JA, Gaffo A (2020) Gout epidemiology and comorbidities. Semin Arthritis Rheum 50:S11–S16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.04.008
Kyu HH, Abate D, Abate KH, Abay SM, Abbafati C, Abbasi N, Abbastabar H et al (2018) Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 392:1859–1922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32335-3
Schlesinger N (2007) Diagnosis of gout. Minerva Med 98:759–767
Schlesinger N, Thiele RG (2010) The pathogenesis of bone erosions in gouty arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 69:1907–1912. https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2010.128454
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
TherapeuticGuidelines (2021) Gout. https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/viewTopic?etgAccess=true&guidelinePage=Rheumatology&topicfile=gout&guidelinename=Rheumatology§ionId=toc_d1e232#toc_d1e232. Accessed 28 June 2021
Vargas-Santos AB, Neogi T (2017) Management of gout and hyperuricemia in CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 70:422–439. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.01.055
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Day RO, Graham GG, Hicks M, McLachlan AJ, Stocker SL, Williams KM (2007) Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of allopurinol and oxypurinol. Clin Pharmacokinet 46:623–644. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-200746080-00001
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hande KR, Noone RM, Stone WJ (1984) Severe allopurinol toxicity: description and guidelines for prevention in patients with renal insufficiency. Am J Med 76:47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(84)90743-5
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hui M, Carr A, Cameron S, Davenport G, Doherty M, Forrester H, Jenkins W et al (2017) The British Society for Rheumatology Guideline for the management of gout. Rheumatology (Oxford) 56:e1–e20. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kex156
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Krishnan E (2012) Reduced glomerular function and prevalence of gout: NHANES 2009–10. PLoS ONE 7:e50046. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050046
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Mohammed E, Browne LD, Kumar AUA, Adeeb F, Fraser AD, Stack AG (2019) Prevalence and treatment of gout among patients with chronic kidney disease in the Irish health system: a national study. PLoS ONE 14:e0210487. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210487
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
KDIGO (2024) KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. https://kdigo.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/KDIGO-2024-CKD-Guideline.pdf. Accessed 25 Mar 2024
Day RO, Kannangara DR, Hayes JM, Furlong T (2012) Successful use of allopurinol in a patient on dialysis. BMJ Case Rep 2012:bcr0220125814. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr.02.2012.5814
UpToDate (2023) Allopurinol: drug information. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/allopurinol-drug-information?source=mostViewed_widget. Accessed 28 Nov 2023.
Murea M, Tucker BM (2019) The physiology of uric acid and the impact of end-stage kidney disease and dialysis. Semin Dial 32:47–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/sdi.12735
Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O’Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, Moher D et al (2018) PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med 169:467–473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850
Peters MDJ, Marnie C, Tricco AC, Pollock D, Munn Z, Alexander L, McInerney P et al (2021) Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews. JBI Evid Synth. https://doi.org/10.11124/JBIES-20-00167
Hozo SP, Djulbegovic B, Hozo I (2005) Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC Med Res Methodol 5:13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-5-13
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Rohatgi A (2022) WebPlotDigitizer. https://automeris.io/WebPlotDigitizer. Accessed 2 Mar 2022
Atkinson AJ (2016) Pitfalls in the calculation of hemodialysis clearance and in the assessment of dialysis efficacy. Transl Clin Pharmacol 24:153–156
Fick A (1870) Ueber die Messung des Blutquantums in den Herzventrikeln
Yeo E, Palmer SC, Chapman PT, Frampton C, Stamp LK (2019) Serum urate levels and therapy in adults treated with long-term dialysis: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Intern Med J 49(7):838–842. https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.14163
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Wilson LC, Ward J, Wright DFB, Green SC, Stocker SL, Putt TL, Schollum JBW et al (2024) The impact of peritoneal dialysis on oxypurinol and urate elimination in people with gout. Nephrology (Carlton) 29:547–550. https://doi.org/10.1111/nep.14306
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Arenas MD, Soriano R, Andres M, Pascual E (2021) Serum urate levels of hemodialyzed renal patients revisited. J Clin Rheumatol 27(8):E362–E366. https://doi.org/10.1097/RHU.0000000000001438
Diez-Lopez C, Perez-Contreras J, Andres M (2021) Urate levels and clearance in renal patients under peritoneal dialysis. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 40(7):720–731. https://doi.org/10.1080/15257770.2021.1934482
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Rohn B, Jansing W, Seibert FS, Pfab T, Cinkilic O, Pasfall J, Schmidt S et al (2020) Association of hyperuricemia and serum uric acid lowering therapy with mortality in hemodialysis patients. Ren Fail 42:1067–1075. https://doi.org/10.1080/0886022X.2020.1835674
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Elion GB, Benezra FM, Beardmore TD, Kelley WN (1980) Studies with allopurinol in patients with impaired renal function. Adv Exp Med Biol 122A:263–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9140-5_43
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Shelmadine B, Bowden RG, Wilson RL, Beavers D, Hartman J (2009) The effects of lowering uric acid levels using allopurinol on markers of metabolic syndrome in end-stage renal disease patients: a pilot study. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 9(5):385–389
Reiter S, Engelleiter R, Proske H, Muller A, Van Der Woude FJ, Duley JA, Simmonds HA (1998) Severe debilitating polyarticular gout and terminal renal failure in an allopurinol “non-responder.” Adv Exp Med Biol 431:51–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5381-6_10
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
KDOQI (2015) KDOQI clinical practice guideline for hemodialysis adequacy: 2015 update. Am J Kidney Dis 66:884–930. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.07.015
KDOQI (2006) Clinical practice guidelines for peritoneal dialysis adequacy. Am J Kidney Dis 48(Suppl 1):S98-129. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.04.006
Rutherford E, Ireland S, Mangion K, Stewart GA, MacGregor MS, Roditi G, Woodward R et al (2021) A randomized, controlled trial of the effect of allopurinol on left ventricular mass index in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int Rep 6:146–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2020.10.025
Wright D, Doogue M, Barclay M, Chapman P, Cross N, Irvine J, Stamp L (2017) A population pharmacokinetic model to predict oxypurinol exposure in patients on haemodialysis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 73:71–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-016-2133-y
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hsu SC, Lee YY, Wang MC, Liu HL, Cheng MF, Huang JJ (2004) Diffuse calcinosis and intradermal tophi in a uremic patient: effect of low-calcium hemodialysis and mechanism of hypercalcemia. Blood Purif 22:224–228. https://doi.org/10.1159/000076857
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Matsuda O, Otsuka M, Yamada T, Tomita K, Marumo F (1993) Therapeutic effect of hemodialysis on gouty arthritis and tophi in 2 patients with chronic renal failure. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai Shi. 35:783–789. https://doi.org/10.14842/jpnjnephrol1959.35.783
Comments (0)