Jha V, Garcia-Garcia G, Iseki K, Li Z, Naicker S, Plattner B, Saran R, Wang AY, Yang CW (2013) Chronic kidney disease: global dimension and perspectives. Lancet 382:260–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60687-X

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zoccali C, Vanholder R, Massy ZA, Ortiz A, Sarafidis P, Dekker FW, Fliser D, Fouque D, Heine GH, Jager KJ, Kanbay M, Mallamaci F, Parati G, Rossignol P, Wiecek A, London G (2017) The systemic nature of CKD. Nat Rev Nephrol 13:344–358. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneph.2017.52

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

de Oliveira MP, Kusumota L, Haas VJ, Ribeiro RdCHM, Marques S, Oller GASAdO (2016) Health-related quality of life as a predictor of mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 24:e2687–e2687. https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.0786.2687

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ndumele CE, Rangaswami J, Chow SL, Neeland IJ, Tuttle KR, Khan SS, Coresh J, Mathew RO, Baker-Smith CM, Carnethon MR, Despres JP, Ho JE, Joseph JJ, Kernan WN, Khera A, Kosiborod MN, Lekavich CL, Lewis EF, Lo KB, Ozkan B, Palaniappan LP, Patel SS, Pencina MJ, Powell-Wiley TM, Sperling LS, Virani SS, Wright JT, Rajgopal Singh R, Elkind MSV (2023) Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation (New York, NY) 148:1606–1635. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001184

Article  Google Scholar 

Kennard A, Glasgow N, Rainsford S, Talaulikar G (2023) Frailty in chronic kidney disease: challenges in nephrology practice. A review of current literature. Intern Med J 53:465–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.15759

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tsai YC, Chen HM, Hsiao SM, Chen CS, Lin MY, Chiu YW, Hwang SJ, Kuo MC (2017) Association of physical activity with cardiovascular and renal outcomes and quality of life in chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 12:e0183642–e0183642. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183642

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Clyne N, Anding-Rost K (2021) Exercise training in chronic kidney disease-effects, expectations and adherence. Clin Kidney J 14:ii3–ii14. https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfab012

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Martins P, Marques EA, Leal DV, Ferreira A, Wilund KR, Viana JL (2021) Association between physical activity and mortality in end-stage kidney disease: a systematic review of observational studies. BMC Nephrol 22:227–227. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-021-02407-w

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Arazi H, Mohabbat M, Saidie P, Falahati A, Suzuki K (2022) Effects of different types of exercise on kidney diseases. Sports (Basel). https://doi.org/10.3390/sports10030042

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kaplan RM, Hays RD (2022) Health-related quality of life measurement in public health. Annu Rev Public Health 43:355–373. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052120-012811

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Morton R, Webster A (2023) Quality of life in chronic kidney disease. In: Merici M (ed) Management of chronic kidney disease, a clinician’s guide, 2nd edn. Springer International Publishing, Berlin, pp 579–591

Google Scholar 

Bello AK, Alrukhaimi M, Ashuntantang GE, Basnet S, Rotter RC, Douthat WG, Kazancioglu R, Köttgen A, Nangaku M, Powe NR, White SL, Wheeler DC, Moe O (2017) Complications of chronic kidney disease: current state, knowledge gaps, and strategy for action. Kidney Int Suppl 7:122–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kisu.2017.07.007

Article  Google Scholar 

Huang CW, Wee PH, Low LL, Koong YLA, Htay H, Fan Q, Foo WYM, Seng JJB (2021) Prevalence and risk factors for elevated anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 69:27–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.12.003

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lee D-Y, Han SY, Lee K, Lee Y, Phan L, Mansur RB, Rosenblat JD, McIntyre RS (2023) Association of a low protein diet with depressive symptoms and poor health-related quality of life in CKD. J Psychiatr Res 161:282–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.02.032

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yapa HE, Purtell L, Chambers S, Bonner A (2021) Alterations in symptoms and health-related quality of life as kidney function deteriorates: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 30:1787–1796. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15738

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Snyder CF, Aaronson NK, Choucair AK, Elliott TE, Greenhalgh J, Halyard MY, Hess R, Miller DM, Reeve BB, Santana M (2012) Implementing patient-reported outcomes assessment in clinical practice: a review of the options and considerations. Qual Life Res 21:1305–1314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-0054-x

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martins MA, Ghisi GLM, da Silva KB, Leopoldino G, Pakosh M, Bundchen DC (2024) Psychometrically validated questionnaires to measure the effects and benefits/barriers to physical exercise in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2023.2198258

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lowrie EG, Curtin RB, LePain N, Schatell D (2003) Medical outcomes study short form-36: a consistent and powerful predictor of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 41:1286–1292. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0272-6386(03)00361-5

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gomes Neto M, de Lacerda FFR, Lopes AA, Martinez BP, Saquetto MB (2018) Intradialytic exercise training modalities on physical functioning and health-related quality of life in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil 32:1189–1202. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215518760380

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Huang M, Lv A, Wang J, Xu N, Ma G, Zhai Z, Zhang B, Gao J, Ni C (2019) Exercise training and outcomes in hemodialysis patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Nephrol 50:240–254. https://doi.org/10.1159/000502447

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pu J, Jiang Z, Wu W, Li L, Zhang L, Li Y, Liu Q, Ou S (2019) Efficacy and safety of intradialytic exercise in haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 9:20633. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020633

Article  Google Scholar 

Salhab N, Karavetian M, Kooman J, Fiaccadori E, El Khoury CF (2019) Effects of intradialytic aerobic exercise on hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nephrol 32:549–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-018-00565-z

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhao QG, Zhang HR, Wen X, Wang Y, Chen XM, Chen N, Sun Y, Liu H, Lu PJ (2019) Exercise interventions on patients with end-stage renal disease: a systematic review. Clin Rehabil 33:147–156. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215518817083

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bernier-Jean A, Beruni NA, Bondonno NP, Williams G, Teixeira-Pinto A, Craig JC, Wong G (2022) Exercise training for adults undergoing maintenance dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD014653

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hu H, Liu X, Chau PH, Choi EPH (2022) Effects of intradialytic exercise on health-related quality of life in patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Qual Life Res 31:1915–1932. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-021-03025-7

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen H, Guan Y, Zhou Z, Shi J, Li L, Shi J, Wang Q, Zou H (2024) Home-based exercise in dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Clin Pract 54:101822–101822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101822

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Young HML, March DS, Graham-Brown MPM, Jones AW, Curtis F, Grantham CS, Churchward DR, Highton P, Smith AC, Singh SJ, Bridle C, Burton JO (2018) Effects of intradialytic cycling exercise on exercise capacity, quality of life, physical function and cardiovascular measures in adult haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nephrol Dial Transpl 33:1436–1445. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfy045

Article  Google Scholar 

Richardson WS, Wilson MC, Nishikawa J, Hayward RS (1995) The well-built clinical question: a key to evidence-based decisions. ACP J Club 123:A12-13. https://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-1995-123-3-A12

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hays RD, Morales LS (2001) The RAND-36 measure of health-related quality of life. Ann Med 33:350–357. https://doi.org/10.3109/07853890109002089

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Review Manager (RevMan) Version 5.4.1.The Cochrane Collaboration. Available at revman.cochrane.org.

Higgins JPT, Li T, Deeks JJ (2019) Choosing effect measures and computing estimates of effect. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Wiley, pp 143–176