Van Heuverswyn J, Hallmaier-Wacker LK, Beaute J, Gomes Dias J, Haussig JM, Busch K, Kerlik J, Markowicz M, Makela H, Nygren TM, Orlikova H, Socan M, Zbrzezniak J, Zygutiene M, Gossner CM. Spatiotemporal spread of tick-borne encephalitis in the EU/EEA, 2012 to 2020. Euro Surveill. 2023. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.11.2200543.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dobler G, Gniel D, Petermann R, Pfeffer M. Epidemiology and distribution of tick-borne encephalitis. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2012;162(11–12):230–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-012-0100-5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Krol N, Chitimia-Dobler L, Dobler G, Kiewra D, Czulowska A, Obiegala A, Zajkowska J, Juretzek T, Pfeffer M. Identification of new microfoci and genetic characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus isolates from Eastern Germany and Western Poland. Viruses. 2024. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16040637.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Borde JP, Kaier K, Hehn P, Matzarakis A, Frey S, Bestehorn M, Dobler G, Chitimia-Dobler L. The complex interplay of climate, TBEV vector dynamics and TBEV infection rates in ticks-Monitoring a natural TBEV focus in Germany, 2009–2018. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(1): e0244668. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244668.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dobler G, Hufert F, Pfeffer M, Essbauer S. Tick-borne encephalitis: from microfocus to human disease. Progress Parasitol. 2011;2:323–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21396-0_17.

Article  Google Scholar 

Borde JP, Glaser R, Braun K, Riach N, Hologa R, Kaier K, Chitimia-Dobler L, Dobler G. Decoding the geography of natural TBEV microfoci in Germany: a geostatistical approach based on land-use patterns and climatological conditions. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811830.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Friedsam AM, Brady OJ, Pilic A, Dobler G, Hellenbrand W, Nygren TM. Geo-spatial characteristics of 567 places of tick-borne encephalitis infection in Southern Germany, 2018–2020. Microorganisms. 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10030643.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Honig V, Svec P, Halas P, Vavruskova Z, Tykalova H, Kilian P, Vetiskova V, Dornakova V, Sterbova J, Simonova Z, Erhart J, Sterba J, Golovchenko M, Rudenko N, Grubhoffer L. Ticks and tick-borne pathogens in South Bohemia (Czech Republic)–spatial variability in Ixodes ricinus abundance, Borrelia burgdorferi and tick-borne encephalitis virus prevalence. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2015;6(5):559–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.04.010.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stefanoff P, Pfeffer M, Hellenbrand W, Rogalska J, Rühe F, Makówka A, Michalik J, Wodecka B, Rymaszewska A, Kiewra D, Baumann-Popczyk A, Dobler G. Virus detection in questing ticks is not a sensitive indicator for risk assessment of tick-borne encephalitis in humans. Zoonoses Public Health. 2013;60(3):215–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01517.x.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Simkute E, Pautienius A, Grigas J, Sidorenko M, Radzijevskaja J, Paulauskas A, Stankevicius A. The prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus in wild rodents captured in tick-borne encephalitis foci in highly endemic Lithuania. Viruses. 2024. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030444.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pascoe EL, de Vries A, Esser HJ, Koenraadt CJM, Sprong H. Detection of tick-borne encephalitis virus in ear tissue and dried blood spots from naturally infected wild rodents. Parasit Vectors. 2023;16(1):103. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05717-0.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Imhoff M, Hagedorn P, Schulze Y, Hellenbrand W, Pfeffer M, Niedrig M. Review: sentinels of tick-borne encephalitis risk. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2015;6(5):592–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.05.001.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brugger K, Boehnke D, Petney T, Dobler G, Pfeffer M, Silaghi C, Schaub GA, Pinior B, Dautel H, Kahl O, Pfister K, Suss J, Rubel F. A density map of the tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme Borreliosis Vector Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) for Germany. J Med Entomol. 2016;53(6):1292–302. https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjw116.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cunze S, Glock G, Klimpel S. Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of tick-borne diseases (Tick-borne Encephalitis and Lyme Borreliosis) in Germany. PeerJ. 2021;9: e12422. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12422.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dagostin F, Tagliapietra V, Marini G, Cataldo C, Bellenghi M, Pizzarelli S, Cammarano RR, Wint W, Alexander NS, Neteler M, Haas J, Dub T, Busani L, Rizzoli A. Ecological and environmental factors affecting the risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe, 2017 to 2021. Euro Surveill. 2023. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.42.2300121.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Daniel M, Maly M, Danielova V, Kriz B, Nuttall P. Abiotic predictors and annual seasonal dynamics of Ixodes ricinus, the major disease vector of Central Europe. Parasit Vectors. 2015;8:478. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-1092-y.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kjaer LJ, Johansson M, Lindgren PE, Asghar N, Wilhelmsson P, Fredlund H, Christensson M, Wallenhammar A, Bodker R, Rasmussen G, Kjellander P. Potential drivers of human tick-borne encephalitis in the Orebro region of Sweden, 2010–2021. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):7685. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34675-x.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Uusitalo R, Siljander M, Dub T, Sane J, Sormunen JJ, Pellikka P, Vapalahti O. Modelling habitat suitability for occurrence of human tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) cases in Finland. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2020;11(5): 101457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101457.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Voyiatzaki C, Papailia SI, Venetikou MS, Pouris J, Tsoumani ME, Papageorgiou EG. Climate changes exacerbate the spread of Ixodes ricinus and the occurrence of Lyme Borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis in Europe-how climate models are used as a risk assessment approach for tick-borne diseases. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116516.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Walter M, Vogelgesang JR, Rubel F, Brugger K. Tick-borne encephalitis virus and its european distribution in ticks and endothermic mammals. Microorganisms. 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071065.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Maxwell SP, Brooks C, Kim D, McNeely CL, Cho S, Thomas KC. Improving surveillance of human tick-borne disease risks: spatial analysis using multimodal databases. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2023;9: e43790. https://doi.org/10.2196/43790.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Poisson A, Boulinier T, Bournez L, Gonzalez G, Migne CV, Moutailler S, Faivre B, Metras R. Tick-borne zoonotic flaviviruses and Borrelia infections in wildlife hosts: What have field studies contributed? One Health. 2024;18: 100747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100747.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, Chou R, Glanville J, Grimshaw JM, Hrobjartsson A, Lalu MM, Li T, Loder EW, Mayo-Wilson E, McDonald S, McGuinness LA, Stewart LA, Thomas J, Tricco AC, Welch VA, Whiting P, Moher D. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372: n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bakker JW, Esser HJ, Sprong H, Godeke GJ, Hoornweg TE, de Boer WF, Pijlman GP, Koenraadt CJM. Differential susceptibility of geographically distinct Ixodes ricinus populations to tick-borne encephalitis virus and louping ill virus. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2024;13(1):2321992. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2024.2321992.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Moraga-Fernandez A, Munoz-Hernandez C, Sanchez-Sanchez M, Fernandez de Mera IG, de la Fuente J. Exploring the diversity of tick-borne pathogens: the case of bacteria (Anaplasma, Rickettsia, Coxiella and Borrelia) protozoa (Babesia and Theileria) and viruses (Orthonairovirus, tick-borne encephalitis virus and louping ill virus) in the European continent. Vet Microbiol. 2023;286: 109892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109892.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bournez L, Umhang G, Moinet M, Boucher JM, Demerson JM, Caillot C, Legras L, Devillers E, Hansmann Y, Velay A, Richomme C, Moutailler S, Boue F. Disappearance of TBEV circulation among rodents in a natural focus in Alsace Eastern France. Pathogens. 2020.