High remnant cholesterol is prevalent among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the New Juaben Municipality: A cross-sectional study

Whiting DR, Guariguata L, Weil C, Shaw J. IDF diabetes atlas: global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2011 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011;94(3):311–21.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yang W, Dall TM, Beronjia K, et al. Economic costs of diabetes in the U.S. in 2017. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(5):917–28. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci18-0007.

Article  Google Scholar 

da Rocha FJ, Ogurtsova K, Linnenkamp U, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas estimates of 2014 global health expenditures on diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016;117:48–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2016.04.016.

Article  Google Scholar 

Motala AA. Diabetes trends in Africa. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2002;18(SUPPL. 3):14–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.284.

Article  Google Scholar 

Kibirige D, Lumu W, Jones AG, Smeeth L, Hattersley AT, Nyirenda MJ. Understanding the manifestation of diabetes in sub Saharan Africa to inform therapeutic approaches and preventive strategies: a narrative review. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019;5(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40842-019-0077-8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Marathe PH, Gao HX, Close KL. American diabetes association standards of medical care in diabetes. J Diabetes. 2017;9(4):320–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.12524.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Osei-Yeboah J, Owiredu WK, Norgbe GK, et al. Quality of life of people living with type 2 diabetes in Ho, Ghana: a cross-sectional study. Am J Biomed Sci. 2016;8:4.

Google Scholar 

Meuleneire F. Management of diabetic foot ulcers using dressings with Safetac: a review of case studies. Wounds UK. 2008;4(4):16–30.

Google Scholar 

Williams R, Karuranga S, Malanda B, et al. Global and regional estimates and projections of diabetes-related health expenditure: results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108072.

Karini K. Assessment of remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C) levels and its correlation with carotid intima media thickness in insulin resistant type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Int J Heal Sci Res. 2019;13(June). https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2019/40984.12861.

Hu X, Liu Q, Guo X, et al. The role of remnant cholesterol beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022;21(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01554-0.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sandesara PB, Virani SS, Fazio S, Shapiro MD. The forgotten lipids: triglycerides, remnant cholesterol, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. Endocr Rev. 2019;40(2):537–57.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sigfrids J. Remnant cholesterol predicts progression of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy in type 1 diabetes. Int J Gen Med. 2021;2:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13298.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Miller YI, Choi SH, Fang L, Tsimikas S. Lipoprotein modification and macrophage uptake: role of pathologic cholesterol transport in atherogenesis. Subcell Biochem. 2010;51:229–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8622-8_8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shin HK, Kim YK, Kim KY, Lee JH, Hong KW. Remnant lipoprotein particles induce apoptosis in endothelial cells by NAD (P) H oxidase–mediated production of superoxide and cytokines via lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 activation: prevention by cilostazol. Circulation. 2004;109(8):1022–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jørgensen PG. Cholesterol remnants and triglycerides are associated with decreased myocardial function in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;8:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-016-0454-x.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sugden M, Holness M. Pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidemia: implications for atherogenesis and treatment Pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidemia : implications for atherogenesis and treatment. Clin Lipidol. 2017;4299:1–12. https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.11.32.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Varbo A, Benn M, Tybjærg-Hansen A, Nordestgaard BG. Elevated remnant cholesterol causes both low-grade inflammation and ischemic heart disease, whereas elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol causes ischemic heart disease without inflammation. Circulation. 2013;128(12):1298–309.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schofield JD, Liu Y, Rao-Balakrishna P, Malik RA, Soran H. Diabetes dyslipidemia. Diabetes Ther. 2016;7(2):203–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-016-0167-x.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tremblay AJ, Morrissette H, Gagné JM, Bergeron J, Gagné C, Couture P. Validation of the Friedewald formula for the determination of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with β-quantification in a large population. Clin Biochem. 2004;37(9):785–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2004.03.008.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ephraim RKD, Acheampong E, Swaray SM, et al. Developing a modified low-density lipoprotein (M-LDL-C) Friedewald’s equation as a substitute for direct LDL-C measure in a Ghanaian population: a comparative study. In: Kostner GM, ed. J Lipids. 2018;2018:7078409. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7078409.

Burnett JR, Hooper AJ, Hegele RA. Remnant cholesterol and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(23):2736–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.10.029.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ephraim RKD, Adu P, Ake E, et al. Normal non-HDL cholesterol, low total cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol levels in sickle cell disease patients in the steady state: a case-control study of Tema Metropolis. J Lipids. 2016;2016:1–5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7650530.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rahimi Z, Merat A, Haghshenass M, Madani H, Rezaei M, Nagel RL. Plasma lipids in Iranians with sickle cell disease: hypocholesterolemia in sickle cell anemia and increase of HDL-cholesterol in sickle cell trait. Clin Chim Acta. 2006;365(1–2):217–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dedov II, Shestakova MV, Galstyan GR. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the adult population of Russia (NATION study). Diabetes Mellit. 2016;19(2):104–12.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ram N, Hashmi F, Jabbar A, Ahmed B. Importance of measuring Non-HDL cholesterol in type 2 diabetes patients. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014;64(2):124–8.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cao YX, Zhang HW, Jin JL, et al. The longitudinal association of remnant cholesterol with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes and pre-diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020;19(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-020-01076-7.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Shan Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y, et al. High remnant cholesterol level is relevant to diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lipids Health Dis. 2022;21(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-021-01621-7.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Huh JH, Roh E, Lee SJ, Ihm SH, Han KD, Kang JG. Remnant cholesterol is an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2022;46(2):305–12. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-1550.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Lu W, Resnick HE, Jablonski KA, et al. Non-HDL cholesterol as a predictor of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: the strong heart study. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(1):16–23. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.26.1.16.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jiang R, Schulze MB, Li T, et al. Non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B predict cardiovascular disease events among men with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(8):1991–7. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.8.1991.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu B, Fan F, Zheng B, et al. Association of remnant cholesterol and lipid parameters with new-onset carotid plaque in Chinese population. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9(August):1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.903390.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Comments (0)

No login
gif