He W, Goodkind D, Kowal P. An aging world [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2021 Dec 14]. Available from: https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2016/demo/p95-16-1.pdf.

Pilleron S, Sarfati D, Janssen-Heijnen M, Vignat J, Ferlay J, Bray F, et al. Global cancer incidence in older adults, 2012 and 2035: a population-based study. Int J Cancer. 2019;144(1):49–58.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sedrak MS, Freedman RA, Cohen HJ, Muss HB, Jatoi A, Klepin HD, et al. Older adult participation in cancer clinical trials: a systematic review of barriers and interventions. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(1):78–92. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21638.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Barcenas CH, Niu J, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Buchholz TA, Elting LS, et al. Risk of hospitalization according to chemotherapy regimen in early-stage breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(19):2014.

Article  Google Scholar 

DuMontier C, Poh Loh K, Bain PA, Silliman RA, Hshieh T, Abel GA, et al. Defining undertreatment and overtreatment in older adults with cancer: a scoping literature review. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38:2558.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Arnold M, Rutherford MJ, Bardot A, Ferlay J, Andersson TML, Myklebust TÅ, et al. Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995–2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2): a population-based study. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(11):1493–505.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Extermann M, Brain E, Canin B, Cherian MN, Cheung KL, de Glas N, et al. Priorities for the global advancement of care for older adults with cancer: an update of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology Priorities Initiative. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22:e29–36.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Soto-Perez-De-Celis E, Li D, Yuan Y, Lau M, Hurria A. Geriatric Oncology 2, Functional versus chronological age: geriatric assessments to guide decision making in older patients with cancer. Lancet Oncol. 2018;19:e305–16.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Clegg A, Young J, Iliffe S, Rikkert MO, Rockwood K. Frailty in elderly people. Lancet. 2013;381(9868):752–62.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sarfati D, Koczwara B, Jackson C. The impact of comorbidity on cancer and its treatment. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(4):337–50.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Thompson K, Dale W. How do I best manage the care of older patients with cancer with multimorbidity? J Geriatr Oncol. 2015;6(4):249–53.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Seghers PAL, Wiersma A, Festen S, Stegmann ME, Soubeyran P, Rostoft S, et al. Patient preferences for treatment outcomes in oncology with a focus on the older patient—a systematic review. Cancers. 2022;14(5):1147.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mohile SG, Dale W, Somerfield MR, Schonberg MA, Boyd CM, Burhenn PS, et al. Practical assessment and management of vulnerabilities in older patients receiving chemotherapy: ASCO guideline for geriatric oncology. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36:2326–47. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2018.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rostoft S, Seghers N, Hamaker ME. Achieving harmony in oncological geriatric assessment—Should we agree on a best set of tools? J Geriatr Oncol. 2023;101473.

Wildiers H, Heeren P, Puts M, Topinkova E, Janssen-Heijnen MLG, Extermann M, et al. International society of geriatric oncology consensus on geriatric assessment in older patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32:2595–603.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Puts MTE, Alibhai SMH. Fighting back against the dilution of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment. J Geriatr Oncol. 2018;9(1):3–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Decoster L, Van Puyvelde K, Mohile S, Wedding U, Basso U, Colloca G, et al. Screening tools for multidimensional health problems warranting a geriatric assessment in older cancer patients: an update on SIOG recommendations. Ann Oncol. 2015;26(2):288–300.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hamaker ME, Jonker JM. Frailty screening methods for predicting outcome of a comprehensive geriatric assessment in elderly patients with cancer: a systematic review. Review Lancet Oncol. 2012;13:437–81.

Article  Google Scholar 

Simcock R, Wright J. Beyond performance status. Clin Oncol. 2020;32(9):553–61.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ramjaun A, Nassif MO, Krotneva S, Huang AR, Meguerditchian AN. Improved targeting of cancer care for older patients: a systematic review of the utility of comprehensive geriatric assessment. J Geriatr Oncol. 2013;4:271–81.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Extermann M, Boler I, Reich RR, Lyman GH, Brown RH, Defelice J, et al. Predicting the risk of chemotherapy toxicity in older patients: the chemotherapy risk assessment scale for high-age patients (CRASH) score. Cancer. 2012;118(13):3377–86.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hurria A, Togawa K, Mohile SG, Owusu C, Klepin HD, Gross CP, et al. Predicting chemotherapy toxicity in older adults with cancer: a prospective multicenter study. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(25):3457–65.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Klepin HD, Geiger AM, Tooze JA, Kritchevsky SB, Williamson JD, Pardee TS, et al. Geriatric assessment predicts survival for older adults receiving induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia Key Points. 2013. Available from: http://ashpublications.org/blood/article-pdf/121/21/4287/1366083/4287.pdf.

Hamaker M, Lund C, te Molder M, Soubeyran P, Wildiers H, van Huis L, et al. Geriatric assessment in the management of older patients with cancer—a systematic review (update). J Geriatr Oncol. 2022. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1879406822000820.

Mohile SG, Mohamed MR, Xu H, Culakova E, Loh KP, Magnuson A, et al. Evaluation of geriatric assessment and management on the toxic effects of cancer treatment (GAP70+): a cluster-randomised study. Lancet. 2021;398(10314):1894–904.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li D, Sun CL, Kim H, Soto-Perez-De-Celis E, Chung V, Koczywas M, et al. Geriatric assessment-driven intervention (GAIN) on chemotherapy-related toxic effects in older adults with cancer: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol. 2021;7(11):e214158.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Soo WD, King M, Pope A, Parente P, Darzins P, Davis I. Integrated geriatric assessment and treatment (INTEGERATE) in older people with cancer planned for systemic anticancer therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(15):12011.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lund CM, Vistisen KK, Olsen AP, Bardal P, Schultz M, Dolin TG, et al. The effect of geriatric intervention in frail older patients receiving chemotherapy for colorectal cancer: a randomised trial (GERICO). Br J Cancer. 2021;124(12):1949–58.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nipp RD, Qian CL, Knight HP, Ferrone CR, Kunitake H, del Castillo CF, et al. Effects of a perioperative geriatric intervention for older adults with Cancer: a randomized clinical trial. J Geriatr Oncol. 2022.

Mohile SG, Epstein RM, Hurria A, Heckler CE, Canin B, Culakova E, et al. Communication with older patients with cancer using geriatric assessment: a cluster-randomized clinical trial from the National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program. JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(2):196–204.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zuccarino S, Monacelli F, Antognoli R, Nencioni A, Monzani F, Ferrè F, et al. Exploring cost-effectiveness of the comprehensive geriatric assessment in geriatric oncology: a narrative review. Cancers. 2022;14(13):3235.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ørum M, Eriksen SV, Gregersen M, Jensen AR, Jensen K, Meldgaard P, et al. The impact of a tailored follow-up intervention on comprehensive geriatric assessment in older patients with cancer - a randomised controlled trial. J Geriatr Oncol. 2021;12(1):41–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alibhai SMH, Alam Z, Saluja R, Malik U, Warde P, Jin R, et al. Economic evaluation of a geriatric oncology clinic. Cancers. 2022;14(3):789.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hamaker ME, Wildes TM, Rostoft S. Time to stop saying geriatric assessment is too time consuming. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35:2871–4.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sanofi. When cancer grows old: assessing the socio-economic burden of cancer and ageing and the policies required [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Oct 5]. Available from: https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/sg/pdf/2022/02/socio-economic-burden-of-cancer-and-ageing.pdf.

GERONTE. European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, grant agreement No. 945218 [cited 2022 Jun 24]. Streamlined Geriatric and Oncological evaluation based on IC Technology (GERONTE) for holistic patient-oriented healthcare management for older multimorbid patients. Available from: https://geronteproject.eu/.

Battisti NML, Efrat D. Integrating geriatric oncology into clinical pathways and guidelines. In: Geriatric oncology. Springer, Cham; 2020. p. 959–75.

Chakiba C, Bellera C, Etchepare F, Mathoulin-Pelissier S, Rainfray M, Soubeyran P. The prognostic value of G8 for functional decline. J Geriatr Oncol. 2019;10(6):921–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hurria A, Akiba C, Kim J, Mitani D, Loscalzo M, Katheria V, et al. Reliability, validity, and feasibility of a computer-based geriatric assessment for older adults with cancer. J Oncol Pract. 2016;12(12):e1025–34.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Williams GR, Deal AM, Jolly TA, Alston SM, Gordon BBE, Dixon SA, et al. Feasibility of geriatric assessment in community oncology clinics. J Geriatr Oncol. 2014;5(3):245–51.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dubianski R, Wildes TM, Wildiers H. SIOG guidelines-essential for good clinical practice in geriatric oncology. J Geriatr Oncol. 2019;10:196–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cancer and Aging Research Group [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 4]. Available from: https://www.mycarg.org/

Colloca G, Monfardini S. A contribution to the future of geriatric oncology training: the SIOG Treviso advanced course. J Geriatr Oncol. 2017;8:387–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dittrich C, Kosty M, Jezdic S, Pyle D, Berardi R, Bergh J, et al. ESMO/ASCO recommendations for a global curriculum in medical oncology edition 2016. Open. 2016;1:97.

Google Scholar