Algenabi AA, Kaftan AN, Hussain MK, Wdaah FA, Naser FH. The impact of promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (-11391 G/A) on type II diabetes mellitus in Iraqi population. Gene Rep. 2021;23: 101115.
Ali MK, Pearson-Stuttard J, Selvin E, Gregg EW. Interpreting global trends in type 2 diabetes complications and mortality. Diabetologia. 2022;65(1):3–13.
Fadheel HK, Kaftan AN, Naser FH, Hussain MK, Algenabi AHA, Mohammad HJ, Al-Kashwan TA. Association of CDKN2A/B gene polymorphisms (rs10811661 and rs2383208) with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a sample of Iraqi population. Egypt J Med Hum Genet. 2022;23(1):64.
Forouhi NG, Wareham NJ. Epidemiology of diabetes. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;47(1):22–7.
Nguyen-Tu MS, Martinez-Sanchez A, Leclerc I, Rutter GA, da Silva Xavier G. Adipocyte-specific deletion of TCF7L2 induces dysregulated lipid metabolism and impairs glucose tolerance in mice. Diabetologia. 2021;64:129–41.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Jiang WJ, Peng YC, Yang KM. Cellular signaling pathways regulating β-cell proliferation as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of diabetes. Exp Ther Med. 2018;16(4):3275–85.
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Alsmadi O, Al-Rubeaan K, Mohamed G, Alkayal F, Al-Saud H, Al-Saud NA, Al-Daghri N, Mohammad S, Meyer BF. Weak or no association of TCF7L2 variants with type 2 diabetes risk in an Arab population. BMC Med Genet. 2008;9(1):1–7.
Bawady S, Mahmoud N, Alzayet M, Radwan R, Abdel-Wahed M. Relationship of transcription factor 7-like-2 (TCF7L2) gene polymorphism rs12255372 and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Egypt J Hosp Med. 2022;88(1):2838–44.
Guja C, Gagniuc PA, Ionescu-Tîrgovişte C. Genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Proc Rom Acad Ser B. 2012;14(1):44–61.
Ramanathan B, Velayutham K. Association between transcription factor 7-like 2 gene polymorphisms rs7903146 and rs12255372 with the risk of diabetic nephropathy among South Indian population. Chronicle of Diabetes Research and Practice. 2024;3(1):8–16.
Del Bosque-Plata L, Hernández-Cortés EP, Gragnoli C. The broad pathogenetic role of TCF7L2 in human diseases beyond type 2 diabetes. J Cell Physiol. 2022;237(1):301–12.
Ghosheh N, Naffa RG, Mashal S, et al. The association of TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms, rs12255372 and rs7903146, with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Jordanian population. Mol Biol Rep. 2025;52:461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-025-10544-w.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
American Diabetes Association. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes—2021. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(Supplement_1):S15-33.
Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972;18(6):499–502.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Galicia-Garcia U, Benito-Vicente A, Jebari S, Larrea-Sebal A, Siddiqi H, Uribe KB, Ostolaza H, Martín C. Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(17):6275.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hong J, Gu H, Lee J, Lee W, Chun S, Han KH, Min WK. Intuitive modification of the Friedewald formula for calculation of LDL-cholesterol. Ann Lab Med. 2023;43(1):29–37.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and β-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28(7):412–9.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Medrano RFV, De Oliveira CA. Guidelines for the tetra-primer ARMS–PCR technique development. Mol Biotechnol. 2014;56(8):599–608.
Younus DA, Mustafa SA, Abdullah LY, Mustafa MS. Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) rs12255372 variant and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among the Kurdish population in Erbil, Iraq. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-021-00921-z.
Evans DM, Purcell S. Power calculations in genetic studies. Cold Spring Harb Protoc. 2012;2012(6):664–74.
Bodhini D, Radha V, Dhar M, Narayani N, Mohan V. The rs12255372 (G/T) and rs7903146 (C/T) polymorphisms of the TCF7L2 gene are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian Indians. Metabolism. 2007;56(9):1174–8.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Nanfa D, Sobngwi E, Atogho-Tiedeu B, Noubiap JJN, Donfack OS, Mofo EPM, ... Mbacham WF. Association between the TCF7L2 rs12255372 (G/T) gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Cameroonian population: a pilot study. Clin Transl Med. 2015;4(1):17.
Alami FM, Ahmadi M, Bazrafshan H, Tabarraei A, Khosravi A, Tabatabaiefar MA, Samaei NM. Association of the TCF7L2 rs12255372 (G/T) variant with type 2 diabetes mellitus in an Iranian population. Genet Mol Biol. 2012;35:413–7.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Helgason A, Pálsson S, Thorleifsson G, Grant SF, Emilsson V, Gunnarsdottir S, Adeyemo A, Chen Y, Chen G, Reynisdottir I, Benediktsson R. Refining the impact of TCF7L2 gene variants on type 2 diabetes and adaptive evolution. Nat Genet. 2007;39(2):218–25.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Azarova I, Polonikov A, Klyosova E. Molecular genetics of abnormal redox homeostasis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(5):4738.
Comments (0)