Cancer seriously endangers human health, which brings a great burden to the development of society and the economy [1]. According to the GLOBOCAN 2022 reported by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the age-standardized incidence rate and mortality rate were higher in China than the global average [2]. Survival rate, as an important index to evaluate the prognosis and severity of the disease, is crucial for the prevention and treatment of cancers within the region. Although the age-standardized 5-year relative survival (5-year ASRS) for all cancers combined of China has improved significantly to 43.7 %, it is still lower than that of some developed countries, such as the United States (68.0 %) or Korea (70.7 %) [3], [4]. Given China's vast geographical expanse, the burden and composition of cancer in each province is different [5], [6], [7]. Only by comprehensively understanding and improving cancer survival rates across all provinces can we achieve the goal of 46.6 % in 2030 in China mentioned in Healthy China 2030 [8], [9].

Fujian Province is located in the southeast of China, and the leading cause of death is cancer [10]. The government attaches great importance to cancer prevention and control, and supposes that accurate cancer registration and survival data can be used as an important reference for formulating strategies. Accordingly, the health department developed Fujian Provincial Cancer Registration Information Reporting Platform to collect and verify data. This platform integrates key functionalities including incidence reporting, integration of repeated reported cases, online quality control, and follow-up, providing a streamlined solution for enhanced data management and monitoring efficiency. In recent years, the number of cancer registries in Fujian continues to increase, and the data quality of various registries has improved significantly. Data from some registries have been received in “China Cancer Registry Annual Report”. However, there is a lack of large-scale population-based cancer survival data to evaluate the effectiveness of cancer prevention and control. In this study, we used the hybrid method to analyze the 5-year relative survival (5-year RS) of cancer in Fujian Province by sex, age and area. The results of this study may provide a basis for developing targeted public health strategies for cancer prevention and control.