Augustin M, Glaeske G, Radtke MA, Christophers E, Reich K, Schäfer I. Epidemiology and comorbidity of psoriasis in children. Br J Dermatol. 2010;162(3):633–6.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Paller AS, Singh R, Cloutier M, Gauthier-Loiselle M, Emond B, Guérin A, et al. Prevalence of psoriasis in children and adolescents in the United States: a claims-based analysis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(2):187–94.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gelfand JM, Weinstein R, Porter SB, Neimann AL, Berlin JA, Margolis DJ. Prevalence and treatment of psoriasis in the United Kingdom: a population-based study. Arch Dermatol. 2005;141(12):1537–41.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Naldi L, Parazzini F, Gallus S. Prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Italian schoolchildren: factors affecting its variation. Acta Derm Venereol. 2009;89(2):122–5.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

da Silva N, Augustin M, Hilbring C, Braren-von Stülpnagel CC, Sommer R. Psychological (co)morbidity in patients with psoriasis: the impact of pruritus and anogenital involvement on symptoms of depression and anxiety and on body dysmorphic concerns—a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2022;12(9): e055477.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bronckers IM, Paller AS, van Geel MJ, van de Kerkhof PC, Seyger MM. Psoriasis in children and adolescents: diagnosis, management and comorbidities. Paediatr Drugs. 2015;17(5):373–84.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Seyger MMB, Paller AS, Sticherling M, Bachhuber T, Thomas N, Hetherington J, et al. Patient-reported outcomes and burden of disease in paediatric patients with psoriasis: real-world data from EU5 and US. Acta Dermato-Venereol. 2023;103:2544.

Google Scholar 

Quach J, Barnett T. Impact of chronic illness timing and persistence at school entry on child and parent outcomes: Australian longitudinal study. Acad Pediatr. 2015;15(1):89–95.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Forrest CB, Schuchard J, Bruno C, Amaral S, Cox ED, Flynn KE, et al. Self-reported health outcomes of children and youth with 10 chronic diseases. J Pediatr. 2022;246(207–12): e1.

Google Scholar 

Secinti E, Thompson EJ, Richards M, Gaysina D. Research review: childhood chronic physical illness and adult emotional health—a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2017;58(7):753–69.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Paller A, Seyger M, Alejandro Magarinos G, Bagel J, Pinter A, Cather J, et al. Efficacy and safety of ixekizumab in a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in paediatric patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (IXORA-PEDS). Br J Dermatol. 2020;183(2):231–41.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mannix S, Edson-Heredia E, Paller A, Yosipovitch G, Burge R, Kleinman L. The experience of itch in children with psoriasis: a qualitative exploration of the Itch Numeric Rating Scale. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021;38(2):405–12.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Beattie PE, Lewis-Jones MS. A comparative study of impairment of quality of life in children with skin disease and children with other chronic childhood diseases. Br J Dermatol. 2006;155(1):145–51.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Paller AS, Rangel SM, Chamlin SL, Hajek A, Phan S, Hogeling M, et al. Stigmatization and mental health impact of chronic pediatric skin disorders. JAMA Dermatol. 2024;160(6):621–30.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

de Jager M, van de Kerkhof P, de Jong E, Seyger M. A cross-sectional study using the children’s dermatology life quality index (CDLQI) in childhood psoriasis: negative effect on quality of life and moderate correlation of CDLQI with severity scores. Br J Dermatol. 2010;163(5):1099–101.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zychowska M, Reich A, Maj J, Jankowska-Konsur A, Szepietowski J. Impact of childhood psoriasis on caregivers’ quality of life, measured with family dermatology life quality index. Acta Derm Venereol. 2020;100(15):adv00244.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Paller AS, Schenfeld J, Accortt NA, Kricorian G. A retrospective cohort study to evaluate the development of comorbidities, including psychiatric comorbidities, among a pediatric psoriasis population. Pediatr Dermatol. 2019;36(3):290–7.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kimball A, Wu E, Guerin A, Yu A, Tsaneva M, Gupta S, et al. Risks of developing psychiatric disorders in pediatric patients with psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67(4):651-7.e1-2.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chang SM, Matchar DB, Smetana GW, Umscheid CA. Methods Guide for Medical Test Reviews. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2012.

Treadwell JR, Singh S, Talati R, McPheeters ML, Reston JT. A framework for best evidence approaches can improve the transparency of systematic reviews. J Clin Epidemiol. 2012;65(11):1159–62.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Slavin RE. Best evidence synthesis: an intelligent alternative to meta-analysis. J Clin Epidemiol. 1995;48(1):9–18.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine: Levels of Evidence. 2009 [cited 2025 26 April]. https://www.cebm.ox.ac.uk/resources/levels-of-evidence/oxford-centre-for-evidence-based-medicine-levels-of-evidence-march-2009

Tekin B, Gurel M, Topkarci Z, Topaloglu Demir F, Aytekin S, Cebeci Kahraman F, et al. Assessment of quality of life in Turkish children with psoriasis and their caregivers. Pediatr Dermatol. 2018;35(5):651–9.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nourmohammadpour P, Ehsani AH, Hatami P, Fakoor Y, Fahim S, Mohsenolhosseini Z, et al. Do clinical severity scores correlate with the quality of life in children with psoriasis? A cross-sectional study of Iranian pediatric patients. Pediatr Dermatol. 2022;39(2):211–4.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Oostveen A, de Jager M, van de Kerkhof P, Donders A, de Jong E, Seyger M. The influence of treatments in daily clinical practice on the children’s dermatology life quality index in juvenile psoriasis: a longitudinal study from the Child-CAPTURE patient registry. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(1):145–9.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ganemo A, Wahlgren C, Svensson A. Quality of life and clinical features in Swedish children with psoriasis. Pediatr Dermatol. 2011;28(4):375–9.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bardazzi F, Chessa M, Patrizi A, Iommi M, Rucci P, Ali F, et al. The impact of psoriasis on quality of life of children and their caregivers: an Italian experience. Eur J Dermatol. 2021;31(5):649–50.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Caroppo F, Zacchino M, Milazzo E, Fontana E, Nobile F, Marogna C, et al. Quality of life in children with psoriasis: results from a monocentric study. Ital J Dermatol Venerol. 2021;156(3):374–7.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Oostveen A, Jong E, Evers A, Donders A, van de Kerkhof P, Seyger M. Reliability, responsiveness and validity of Scalpdex in children with scalp psoriasis: the Dutch study. Acta Derm Venereol. 2014;94(2):198–202.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

AlMutairi N, Nour T. Tofacitinib in pediatric psoriasis: an open-label trial to study its safety and efficacy in children. Dermatology. 2020;236(3):191–8.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Arese V, Albini P, Ibba F, Panzone M, Cervetti O. Juvenile psoriasis: an epidemiological study of 69 cases. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2018;153(4):469–72.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hamm H, Wilsmann-Theis D, Tsianakas A, Gambichler T, Taipale K, Lauterbach J, et al. Efficacy and safety of fumaric acid esters in young patients aged 10–17 years with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2021;185(1):62–73.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Landells I, Marano C, Hsu M, Li S, Zhu Y, Eichenfield L, et al. Ustekinumab in adolescent patients age 12 to 17 years with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: results of the randomized phase 3 CADMUS study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015;73(4):594–603.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Langley R, Paller A, Hebert A, Creamer K, Weng H, Jahreis A, et al. Patient-reported outcomes in pediatric patients with psoriasis undergoing etanercept treatment: 12-week results from a phase III randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;64(1):64–70.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Oostveen A, de Jong E, Donders A, van de Kerkhof P, Seyger M. Treatment of paediatric scalp psoriasis with calcipotriene/betamethasone dipropionate scalp formulation: effectiveness, safety and influence on children’s quality of life in daily practice. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(6):1193–7.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Philipp S, Menter A, Nikkels A, Barber K, Landells I, Eichenfield L, et al. Ustekinumab for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in paediatric patients (>= 6 to < 12 years of age): efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetic and biomarker results from the open-label CADMUS Jr study. Br J Dermatol. 2020;183(4):664–72.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

van Geel M, Oostveen A, Hoppenreijs E, Hendriks J, van de Kerkhof P, de Jong E, et al. Methotrexate in pediatric plaque-type psoriasis: long-term daily clinical practice results from the Child-CAPTURE registry. J Dermatol Treat. 2015;26(5):406–12.

CAS  Google Scholar 

van Geel M, Otero M, de Jong E, van de Kerkhof P, Seyger M. Validation of the simplified psoriasis index in Dutch children and adolescents with plaque psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2017;176(3):771–6.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zychowska M, Reich A, Maj J, Jankowska-Konsur A, Szepietowski J. Comparison of the impact of childhood psoriasis on mothers’ and fathers’ quality of life—does gender of a caregiver play a role? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021;35(3):685–92.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chiam L, de Jager M, Giam Y, de Jong E, van de Kerkhof P, Seyger M. Juvenile psoriasis in European and Asian children: similarities and differences. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(5):1101–3.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ergun T, Seckin Gencosmanoglu D, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Salman A, Tekin B, Bulbul-Baskan E, et al. Prevalence of obesity in paediatric psoriasis and its impact on disease severity and progression. Australas J Dermatol. 2017;58(4):e182–7.