This study aimed to assess the inter-radicular bone thickness in the anterior maxilla on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of an Iranian population with consideration of skeletal class and sex.

In this descriptive analytic study, lateral cephalograms were reconstructed from 90 CBCT scans and the skeletal pattern of patients was determined according to their ANB angle. The patients were then divided into six groups (n = 15) based on sagittal skeletal class and gender. OnDemand software was used to measure the inter-radicular bone thickness at multiple anterior maxillary sites using the CBCT images at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 mm from the alveolar crest. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (alpha = 0.05).

Bone thickness was significantly greater in males than females at most measurement points (30 out of 42, P < 0.05). No significant differences were found among the three skeletal classes in majority of sites (37 out 0f 42, P > 0.05). Bone thickness increased apically from the alveolar crest in both genders and at all points under investigation.

The CBCT-based inter-radicular bone thickness measurements in the anterior maxilla revealed gender related differences in the anterior maxilla, while skeletal class showed minimal influence. These findings may assist clinicians in identifying optimal anchorage sites and improve treatment planning in implantology and orthodontics.