Research ArticleGeneticsOncology Open Access | 10.1172/JCI182768

Yanni Zeng,1,2,3 Chun-Ling Luo,1,4 Guo-Wang Lin,5 Fugui Li,6 Xiaomeng Bai,1,2,3 Josephine Mun-Yee Ko,7 Lei Xiong,6 Yang Liu,1,4 Shuai He,1,4 Jia-Xin Jiang,1,4 Wen-Xin Yan,1,4 Enya Hui Wen Ong,8 Zheng Li,9 Ya-Qing Zhou,1,4 Yun-He Zhou,1,4 An-Yi Xu,1,4 Shu-Qiang Liu,1,4 Yun-Miao Guo,10 Jie-Rong Chen,11 Xi-Xi Cheng,1,4 Yu-Lu Cao,1 Xia Yu,6 Biaohua Wu,6 Pan-Pan Wei,1,4 Zhao-Hui Ruan,1,4 Qiu-Yan Chen,1 Lin-Quan Tang,1 James D. McKay,12 Wei-Hua Jia,1 Hai-Qiang Mai,1 Soon Thye Lim,13 Jian-Jun Liu,14 Dong-Xin Lin,1 Chiea Chuen Khor,9,15,16 Melvin Lee Kiang Chua,8,17,18 Mingfang Ji,6 Maria Li Lung,7 Yi-Xin Zeng,1 and Jin-Xin Bei1,4,13,19

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Zeng, Y. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Luo, C. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Lin, G. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Li, F. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Bai, X. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Ko, J. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar |

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Xiong, L. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Liu, Y. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by He, S. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar |

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Jiang, J. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Yan, W. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Ong, E. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Li, Z. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

12Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.

13Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

14Laboratory of Human Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

15Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

16Singapore Eye Research Institute, Discovery Tower, Level 6, The Academia, Singapore.

17Department of Head and Neck and Thoracic Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

18Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

19Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Advanced Studies Hong Kong, Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Address correspondence to: Jin-Xin Bei, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. Phone: 86.20.8734.3189; Email: beijx@sysucc.org.cn.

Authorship note: YZ, CLL, and GWL contributed equally to this work. MLKC, MJ, MLL, YXZ, and JXB are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Zhou, Y. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center - Zhongshan School of Medicine,

2Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, and

3Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

4Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

6Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China.

7Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

8Precision Radiotherapeutics Oncology Programme, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

9Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.

10Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China.

11Department of Lab