F. Zhang, A. Gadisa, O. Inganäs, M. Svensson, M.R. Andersson, Influence of buffer layers on the performance of polymer solar cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(19), 3906–3908 (2004)

Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

C. Chang, S. Panigrahy, D.K. Das, Study of factors affecting the performance of cigs based thin film solar cells. In: 2023 IEEE guwahati subsection conference (GCON), IEEE pp. 1–6 (2023)

M. Moradi, R. Teimouri, M. Saadat, M. Zahedifar, Buffer layer replacement: a method for increasing the conversion efficiency of cigs thin film solar cells. Optik 136, 222–227 (2017)

Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

T. Törndahl, C. Platzer-Björkman, J. Kessler, M. Edoff, Atomic layer deposition of zn1- xmgxo buffer layers for cu (in, ga) se2 solar cells. Prog. Photovoltaics Res. Appl. 15(3), 225–235 (2007)

Article  Google Scholar 

M. Saadat, M. Moradi, M. Zahedifar, Optimization of zn (o, s)/(zn, mg) o buffer layer in cu (in, ga) se 2 based photovoltaic cells. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 27, 1130–1133 (2016)

I. Lauermann, C. Loreck, A. Grimm, R. Klenk, H. Mönig, M.C. Lux-Steiner, C.-H. Fischer, S. Visbeck, T. Niesen, Cu-accumulation at the interface between sputter-(zn, mg) o and cu (in, ga)(s, se) 2-a key to understanding the need for buffer layers? Thin Solid Films 515(15), 6015–6019 (2007)

Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

S. Ummartyotin, Y. Infahsaeng, A comprehensive review on zns: from synthesis to an approach on solar cell. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 55, 17–24 (2016)

Article  Google Scholar 

L.Y. Chen, C. Fang, X.Q. Chen, Calculation of complexion in chemical precursor for znse as buffer-window layer of cigs solar cell. In: advanced materials research, Trans. Tech. Publ. vol. 1070, 604–607 (2015)

M. Nguyen, K. Ernits, K.F. Tai, C.F. Ng, S.S. Pramana, W.A. Sasangka, S.K. Batabyal, T. Holopainen, D. Meissner, A. Neisser et al., Zns buffer layer for cu2znsn (sse) 4 monograin layer solar cell. Sol. Energy 111, 344–349 (2015)

Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

K. Gunavathy, V. Parthibaraj, C. Rangasami, K. Tamilarasan, Prospects of alternate buffer layers for czts based thin films solar cells from numerical analysis- a review. South Asian J. Eng. Technol. 2(16), 88–96 (2016)

Google Scholar 

L. Chen, D. Zhang, G. Zhai, J. Zhang, Comparative study of znse thin films deposited from modified chemical bath solutions with ammonia-containing and ammoniafree precursors. Mater. Chem. Phys. 120(2–3), 456–460 (2010)

Article  Google Scholar 

M.F. Rahman, M. Chowdhury, L. Marasamy, M.K. Mohammed, M.D. Haque, S.R. Al Ahmed, A. Irfan, A.R. Chaudhry, S. Goumri-Said, Improving the efficiency of a cigs solar cell to above 31% with sb 2 s 3 as a new bsf: a numerical simulation approach by scaps-1d. RSC advances 14(3), 1924–1938 (2024)

M.F. Rahman, M.K. Hasan, M. Chowdhury, M.R. Islam, M.H. Rahman, M.A. Rahman, S.R. Al Ahmed, A.B.M. Ismail, M. Amami, M.K. Hossain, et al., A qualitative design and optimization of cigs-based solar cells with sn2s3 back surface field: a plan for achieving 21.83% efficiency. Heliyon 9(12) (2023)

M.F. Rahman, N. Mahmud, I. Alam, M.H. Ali, M. Moon, A. Kuddus, G. Toki, M. Rubel, M.A. Al Asad, M.K. Hossain, Design and numerical analysis of cigs-based solar cell with v2o5 as the bsf layer to enhance photovoltaic performance. AIP Advances 13(4) (2023)

S.R.I. Biplab, M.H. Ali, M.M.A. Moon, M.F. Pervez, M.F. Rahman, J. Hossain, Performance enhancement of cigs-based solar cells by incorporating an ultrathin basi2 bsf layer. J. Comput. Electron. 19(1), 342–352 (2020)

Article  Google Scholar 

A. Kuddus, M.F. Rahman, S. Ahmmed, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, Role of facile synthesized v2o5 as hole transport layer for cds/cdte heterojunction solar cell: validation of simulation using experimental data. Superlattices Microstruct. 132, 106168 (2019)

Article  Google Scholar 

M.H. Ali, M.M.A. Moon, M.F. Rahman, Study of ultra-thin cdte/cds heterostructure solar cell purveying open-circuit voltage 1.2 v. Mater. Res. Express 6(9), 095515 (2019)

M.F. Rahman, J. Hossain, A. Kuddus, S. Tabassum, M.H. Rubel, H. Shirai, A.B.M. Ismail, A novel synthesis and characterization of transparent cds thin films for cdte/cds solar cells. Appl. Phys. A 126, 1–11 (2020)

Article  Google Scholar 

M.M.A. Moon, M.H. Ali, M.F. Rahman, A. Kuddus, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, Investigation of thin-film p-basi2/n-cds heterostructure towards semiconducting silicide based high efficiency solar cell. Phys. Scr. 95(3), 035506 (2020)

Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

M.M.A. Moon, M.F. Rahman, M. Kamruzzaman, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, Unveiling the prospect of a novel chemical route for synthesizing solutionprocessed cds/cdte thin-film solar cells. Energy Rep. 7, 1742–1756 (2021)

J. Singh, U. Alam, A. Sahu, Enhanced performance of mose2-cigs solar cell with znse buffer layer. In: VLSI, microwave and wireless technologies: select proceedings of ICVMWT 2021, Springer, ??? pp. 705–710 (2022)

R. Prasad, A. Das, U.P. Singh, Impact of buffer layers on the performance of graded cigs solar cells: a numerical approach. Appl. Phys. A 127(11), 816 (2021)

Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

M.M.A. Moon, S.R.I. Biplab, M.H. Ali, M.F. Rahman, M.S. Rana, A. Kuddus, Computational investigation of zn-based single buffer layers toward cd-free highefficiency cigs thin film solar cells. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. 26, 1799–1808 (2023)

Google Scholar 

A.U. Manual, A Device Simulation Package (SILVACO Int, Santa Clara, CA, 2015)

Google Scholar 

A.K. Patel, P.K. Rao, R. Mishra, S.K. Soni, Numerical study of a highperformance thin film cigs solar cell with a-si and mote2 hole transport layer. Optik 243, 167498 (2021)

Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

H.I. Abdalmageed, M. Fedawy, M.H. Aly, Effect of absorber layer bandgap of cigsbased solar cell with (cds/zns) buffer layer. In: journal of physics: conference series, vol. 2128, IOP Publishing p. 012009 (2021)

M.W. Bouabdelli, F. Rogti, M. Maache, A. Rabehi, Performance enhancement of cigs thin-film solar cell. Optik 216, 164948 (2020)

Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

A. Saeed, M.M. Salah, A. Zekry, M. Mousa, A. Shaker, M. Abouelatta, F.Z. Amer, R.I., Mubarak, D.S. Louis, Investigation of high-efficiency and stable carbonperovskite/ silicon and carbon-perovskite/cigs-gete tandem solar cells. Energ 16(4), 1676 (2023)

M.N. Tousif, M.N.R. Ushan, A. Al Joha, S. Mohammad, A comprehensive study of czts solar cell simulation with znse buffer layer. In: 2017 IEEE region 10 humanitarian technology conference (R10-HTC), IEEE pp. 193–197 (2017)

N. Arora, R. Pandey, R. Sharma, J. Madan, R. Chaujar, Parametric variation of znse/tio 2 electron transport layer based perovskite solar cell: a simulation study and optimization. In: 2018 IEEE electron devices kolkata conference (EDKCON), IEEE pp. 428–432 (2018)

J. Qu, L. Zhang, H. Wang, X. Song, Y. Zhang, H. Yan, Simulation of double buffer layer on cigs solar cell with scaps software. Opt. Quant. Electron. 51, 1–14 (2019)

Article  Google Scholar 

N.E.I. Boukortt, S. Patanè, B. Hadri, G. Crupi, Graded bandgap ultrathin cigs solar cells. Electron. 12(2), 393 (2023)

A.T. Abir, A. Joy, B.K. Mondal, J. Hossain, Numerical prediction on the photovoltaic performance of czts-based thin film solar cell. Nano Select 4(1), 112–122 (2023)

Article  Google Scholar 

J. Park, M. Shin, Numerical optimization of gradient bandgap structure for cigs solar cell with zns buffer layer using technology computer-aided design simulation. Energies 11(7), 1785 (2018)

Article  Google Scholar 

F.I. Za’abar, Y. Yusoff, H. Mohamed, S.F. Abdullah, A.W. Mahmood Zuhdi, N. Amin, P. Chelvanathan, M.S. Bahrudin, K.S. Rahman, N.A. Samsudin, et al., A numerical investigation on the combined effects of mose2 interface layer and graded bandgap absorber in cigs thin film solar cells. Coatings 11(8), 930 (2021)