Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71:209–49.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mao Y, Tang L, Chen L, Sun Y, Qi Z, Zhou G, et al. Prognostic factors and failure patterns in non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma after intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Chin J Cancer. 2016;35:103.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Blanchard P, Lee A, Marguet S, Leclercq J, Ng WT, Ma J, et al. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an update of the MAC-NPC meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16:645–55.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ribassin-Majed L, Marguet S, Lee AWM, Ng WT, Ma J, Chan ATC, et al. What is the best treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma? An individual patient data network meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35:498–505.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dunn GP, Bruce AT, Ikeda H, Old LJ, Schreiber RD. Cancer immunoediting: from immunosurveillance to tumor escape. Nat Immunol. 2002;3:991–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fridman WH, Zitvogel L, Sautès Fridman C, Kroemer G. The immune contexture in cancer prognosis and treatment. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14:717–34.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bruni D, Angell HK, Galon J. The immune contexture and immunoscore in cancer prognosis and therapeutic efficacy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2020;20:662–80.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mei Z, Shi L, Wang B, Yang J, Xiao Z, Du P, et al. Prognostic role of pretreatment blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 66 cohort studies. Cancer Treat Rev. 2017;58:1–13.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Okadome K, Baba Y, Yagi T, Kiyozumi Y, Ishimoto T, Iwatsuki M, et al. Prognostic nutritional index, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and prognosis in patients with esophageal cancer. Ann Surg. 2020;271:693–700.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gupta D, Lis CG. Pretreatment serum albumin as a predictor of cancer survival: a systematic review of the epidemiological literature. Nutr J. 2010;9:69.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zitvogel L, Pietrocola F, Kroemer G. Nutrition, inflammation and cancer. Nat Immunol. 2017;18:843–50.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cai W, Zhang J, Chen Y, Kong W, Huang Y, Huang J, et al. Association of post-treatment hypoalbuminemia and survival in Chinese patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Chin J Cancer. 2017;36:47.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Oñate-Ocaña LF, Aiello-Crocifoglio V, Gallardo-Rincón D, Herrera-Goepfert R, Brom-Valladares R, Carrillo JF, et al. Serum albumin as a significant prognostic factor for patients with gastric carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14:381–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zeng X, Liu G, Pan Y, Li Y. Prognostic value of clinical biochemistry-based indexes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Front Oncol. 2020;10:146.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu X, Meng QH, Ye Y, Hildebrandt MAT, Gu J, Wu X. Prognostic significance of pretreatment serum levels of albumin, LDH and total bilirubin in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2015;36:243–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li G, Gao J, Liu ZG, Tao YL, Xu BQ, Tu ZW, et al. Influence of pretreatment ideal body weight percentile and albumin on prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: long-term outcomes of 512 patients from a single institution. Head Neck. 2014;36:660–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang H, Chen S, Shu X, Liu Z, Liu P, Zhu Y, et al. The value of serum tumor markers and blood inflammation markers in differentiating pancreatic serous cystic neoplasms and pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasms. Front Oncol. 2022;12:831355.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yamamoto T, Kawada K, Hida K, Matsusue R, Itatani Y, Mizuno R, et al. Combination of lymphocyte count and albumin concentration as a new prognostic biomarker for rectal cancer. Sci Rep. 2021;11:5027.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen YP, Chan A, Le QT, Blanchard P, Sun Y, Ma J. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Lancet. 2019;394:64–80.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lin J, Wang W, Chen KY, Wei Y, Liang W, Jan J, et al. Quantification of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2461–70.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chan K, Woo J, King A, Zee B, Lam W, Chan SL, et al. Analysis of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA to screen for nasopharyngeal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:513–22.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hui EP, Li WF, Ma BB, Lam WKJ, Chan KCA, Mo F, et al. Integrating postradiotherapy plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA and TNM stage for risk stratification of nasopharyngeal carcinoma to adjuvant therapy. Ann Oncol. 2020;31:769–79.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ji M, Huang Q, Yu X, Liu Z, Li X, Zhang L, et al. Evaluation of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA load to distinguish nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients from healthy high-risk populations in Southern China. Cancer. 2014;120:1353–60.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yuan X, Yang H, Zeng F, Zhou S, Wu S, Yuan Y, et al. Prognostic value of systemic inflammation response index in nasopharyngeal carcinoma with negative Epstein-Barr virus DNA. BMC Cancer. 2022;22:858.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jin YN, Liu BQ, Peng KW, Ou XQ, Zeng WS, Zhang WJ, et al. The prognostic value of adding systemic inflammation response index to Epstein-Barr virus DNA in childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a real-world study. Head Neck. 2022;44:1404–13.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Huang Z, Wen W, Hua X, Song C, Bi X, Huang J, et al. Establishment and validation of nomogram based on combination of pretreatment C-reactive protein/albumin ratio–EBV DNA grade in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Front Oncol. 2021;11:583283.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Balachandran VP, Gonen M, Smith JJ, DeMatteo RP. Nomograms in oncology: more than meets the eye. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16:e173–80.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang S, Yang L, Ci B, Maclean M, Gerber DE, Xiao G, et al. Development and validation of a nomogram prognostic model for SCLC patients. J Thorac Oncol. 2018;13:1338–48.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Xiong Y, Shi L, Zhu L, Ding Q, Ba L, Peng G. Prognostic efficacy of the combination of the pretreatment systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Epstein-Barr virus DNA status in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. J Cancer. 2021;12:2275–84.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Peng RR, Liang ZG, Chen KH, Li L, Qu S, Zhu XD. Nomogram based on lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio (LAR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for predicting survival in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Inflamm Res. 2021;14:4019–33.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cézé N, Thibault G, Goujon G, Viguier J, Watier H, Dorval E, et al. Pre-treatment lymphopenia as a prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011;68:1305–13.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

De Giorgi U, Mego M, Scarpi E, Giuliano M, Giordano A, Reuben JM, et al. Relationship between lymphocytopenia and circulating tumor cells as prognostic factors for overall survival in metastatic breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer. 2012;12:264–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Suzuki R, Wei X, Allen PK, Cox JD, Komaki R, Lin SH. Prognostic Significance of total lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer. 2019;20:117–23.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhao W, Wang P, Jia H, Chen M, Gu X, Liu M, et al. Lymphocyte count or percentage: which can better predict the prognosis of advanced cancer patients following palliative care? BMC Cancer. 2017;17:514.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ruiz-Ranz M, Lequerica-Fernández P, Rodríguez-Santamarta T, Suárez-Sánchez FJ, López-Pintor RM, García-Pedrero JM, et al. Prognostic implications of preoperative systemic inflammatory markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma, and correlations with the local immune tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol. 2022;13:941351.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Minami T, Minami T, Shimizu N, Yamamoto Y, De Velasco M, Nozawa M, et al. Identification of programmed death ligand 1-derived peptides capable of inducing cancer-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes from HLA-A24+ patients with renal cell carcinoma. J Immunother. 2015;38:285–91.

Article  CAS  PubMed