Comparison of all completed suicides in Frankfurt am Main (Hessen) before and during the early COVID-19 pandemic

Wollschläger D, Schmidtmann I, Blettner M, Ernst V, Fückel S, Caranci N, Gianicolo E. Suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 compared to 2011–2019 in Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany) and Emilia-Romagna (Italy). Dtsch Ärztebl Int. 2021. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0365.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Destatis. Todesursachenstatistik Suizide. Statistisches Bundesamt. 2022. https://www-genesis.destatis.de/genesis/online?sequenz=tabelleErgebnis&selectionname=23211-0002&sachmerkmal=TODUR1&sachschluessel=TODESURS78&startjahr=1980#abreadcrumb.

Reger MA, Stanley IH, Joiner TE. Suicide mortality and coronavirus disease 2019—a perfect storm? JAMA Psychiat. 2020;77:1093. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1060.

Article  Google Scholar 

Royal College of Psychiatrists. Psychiatrists see alarming rise in patients needing urgent and emergency care and forecast a tsunami of mental illness. 2020. Press release. https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/news-and-features/latest-news/detail/2020/05/15/psychiatrists-see-alarming-rise-in-patients-needing-urgent-and-emergency-care. Stand: 13.06.2021.

Mauz E, Eicher S, Peitz D, Junker S, Hölling H, Thom J. Psychische Gesundheit der erwachsenen Bevölkerung in Deutschland während der COVID-19-Pandemie. Ein Rapid-Review. 2021. https://doi.org/10.25646/9178.2.

Google Scholar 

Marzano L, Hawley M, Fraser L, Harris-Skillman E, Lainez Y, Hawton K. Have news reports on suicide and attempted suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic adhered to guidance on safer reporting? a UK-wide content analysis study. Crisis. 2022;0227-5910/a000856. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000856.

Gunnell D, Appleby L, Arensman E, Hawton K, John A, Kapur N, Khan M, O’Connor RC, Pirkis J, Appleby L, Arensman E, Caine ED, Chan LF, Chang S-S, Chen Y-Y, Christensen H, Dandona R, Eddleston M, Erlangsen A, Gunnell D, Harkavy-Friedman J, Hawton K, John A, Kapur N, Khan M, Kirtley OJ, Knipe D, Konradsen F, Liu S, McManus S, Mehlum L, Miller M, Moran P, Morrissey J, Moutier C, Niederkrotenthaler T, Nordentoft M, O’Connor RC, O’Neill S, Page A, Phillips MR, Pirkis J, Platt S, Pompili M, Qin P, Rezaeian M, Silverman M, Sinyor M, Stack S, Townsend E, Turecki G, Vijayakumar L, Yip PS. Suicide risk and prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7:468–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30171-1.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sinyor M, Knipe D, Borges G, Ueda M, Pirkis J, Phillips MR, Gunnell D, the International COVID-19 suicide prevention research collaboration. Suicide risk and prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic: one year on. Arch Suicide Res. 2021;1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2021.1955784.

Reif-Leonhard C, Lemke D, Holz F, Ahrens KF, Fehr C, Steffens M, Grube M, Freitag CM, Kölzer SC, Schlitt S, Gebhardt R, Gädeke T, Schmidt H, Gerlach FM, Wolff K, Stäblein M, Hauschild N, Beig I, Wagner L, Müller J, Verhoff MA, Schlang C, Reif A. Changes in the pattern of suicides and suicide attempt admissions in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-022-01448-y.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Radeloff D, Genuneit J, Bachmann CJ. Suicides in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dtsch Ärztebl Int. 2022. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0198.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pirkis J, Gunnell D, Shin S, Del Pozo-Banos M, Arya V, Aguilar PA, Appleby L, Arafat SMY, Arensman E, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Balhara YPS, Bantjes J, Baran A, Behera C, Bertolote J, Borges G, Bray M, Brečić P, Caine E, Calati R, Carli V, Castelpietra G, Chan LF, Chang S-S, Colchester D, Coss-Guzmán M, Crompton D, Ćurković M, Dandona R, De Jaegere E, De Leo D, Deisenhammer EA, Dwyer J, Erlangsen A, Faust JS, Fornaro M, Fortune S, Garrett A, Gentile G, Gerstner R, Gilissen R, Gould M, Gupta SK, Hawton K, Holz F, Kamenshchikov I, Kapur N, Kasal A, Khan M, Kirtley OJ, Knipe D, Kõlves K, Kölzer SC, Krivda H, Leske S, Madeddu F, Marshall A, Memon A, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Nestadt P, Neznanov N, Niederkrotenthaler T, Nielsen E, Nordentoft M, Oberlerchner H, O’Connor RC, Papsdorf R, Partonen T, Phillips MR, Platt S, Portzky G, Psota G, Qin P, Radeloff D, Reif A, Reif-Leonhard C, Rezaeian M, Román-Vázquez N, Roskar S, Rozanov V, Sara G, Scavacini K, Schneider B, Semenova N, Sinyor M, Tambuzzi S, Townsend E, Ueda M, Wasserman D, Webb RT, Winkler P, Yip PSF, Zalsman G, Zoja R, John A, Spittal MJ. Suicide numbers during the first 9–15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: an interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries. eClinicalMed. 2022;51:101573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101573.

Kposowa AJ, McElvain JP. Gender, place, and method of suicide. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2006;41:435–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-006-0054-2.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McCartan C, Adell T, Cameron J, Davidson G, Knifton L, McDaid S, Mulholland C. A scoping review of international policy responses to mental health recovery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Res Policy Syst. 2021;19:58. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-020-00652-3.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sardar T, Biswas R, Biswas CS. Suicidal deaths amid COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional autopsy-based study. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol. 2021. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17112.

Article  Google Scholar 

Zortea TC, Brenna CTA, Joyce M, McClelland H, Tippett M, Tran MM, Arensman E, Corcoran P, Hatcher S, Heise MJ, Links P, O’Connor RC, Edgar NE, Cha Y, Guaiana G, Williamson E, Sinyor M, Platt S. The impact of infectious disease-related public health emergencies on suicide, suicidal behavior, and suicidal thoughts: a systematic review. Crisis. 2021;42:474–87. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000753.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ferorelli D, Mandarelli G, Solarino B. Ethical challenges in health care policy during COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Medicina (Mex). 2020;56:691. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56120691.

Article  Google Scholar 

Rezaeian PhD, Epidemiologist M. Epidemiology of suicide after natural disasters: a review on the literature and a methodological framework for future studies. Am J Disaster Med. 2008;3:52–6. https://doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2008.0007.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rogers JP, Chesney E, Oliver D, Begum N, Saini A, Wang S, McGuire P, Fusar-Poli P, Lewis G, David AS. Suicide, self-harm and thoughts of suicide or self-harm in infectious disease epidemics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2021;30:e32. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796021000214.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Radeloff D, Papsdorf R, Uhlig K, Vasilache A, Putnam K, von Klitzing K. Trends in suicide rates during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in a major German city. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2021;30:e16. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796021000019.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Destatis. Monatliches persönliches Nettoeinkommen im Jahr 2006 nach jeweiligem Migrationshintergrund. Statistisches Bundesamt. 2023. https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/150623/umfrage/monatliches-persoenliches-einkommen-nach-jeweiligem-migrationshintergrund/.

Rommel A, Saß AC, Born S, Ellert U. Die gesundheitliche Lage von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund und die Bedeutung des sozioökonomischen Status: Erste Ergebnisse der Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (DEGS1). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2015;58:543–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-015-2145-2.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Teltemann J, Dabrowski S, Windzio M. Räumliche Segregation von Familien mit Migrationshintergrund in deutschen Großstädten: Wie stark wirkt der sozioökonomische Status? KZfSS Köln Z Für Soziol Sozialpsychologie. 2015;67:83–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-014-0300-7.

Article  Google Scholar 

Mitchell TO, Li L. State-level data on suicide mortality during COVID-19 quarantine: early evidence of a disproportionate impact on racial minorities. Psychiatry Res. 2021;295:113629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113629.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

St-Denis X. Sociodemographic determinants of occupational risks of exposure to COVID-19 in Canada. Can Rev Sociol Can Sociol. 2020;57:399–452. https://doi.org/10.1111/cars.12288.

Article  Google Scholar 

Webb Hooper M, Nápoles AM, Pérez-Stable EJ. COVID-19 and racial/ethnic disparities. JAMA. 2020;323:2466. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.8598.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cibis A, Mergl R, Bramesfeld A, Althaus D, Niklewski G, Schmidtke A, Hegerl U. Preference of lethal methods is not the only cause for higher suicide rates in males. J Affect Disord. 2012;136:9–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.08.032.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Denning DG, Conwell Y, King D, Cox C. Method choice, intent, and gender in completed suicide. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2000;30:282–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Elnour AA, Harrison J. Lethality of suicide methods. Inj Prev. 2008;14:39–45. https://doi.org/10.1136/ip.2007.016246.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cavanagh JTO, Carson AJ, Sharpe M, Lawrie SM. Psychological autopsy studies of suicide: a systematic review. Psychol Med. 2003;33:395–405. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291702006943.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hawton K, van Heeringen K. Suicide. The Lancet. 2009;373:1372–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X.

Article  Google Scholar 

Comments (0)

No login
gif