Yong E-L, Logan S. Menopausal osteoporosis: screening, prevention and treatment. Singapore Med J 2021;62:159–166.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Minkin MJ. Menopause: Hormones, Lifestyle, and Optimizing Aging. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2019;46:501–514.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Albergaria B-H, Chalem M, Clark P, Messina OD, Pereira RMR, Vidal LF. Consensus statement: osteoporosis prevention and treatment in Latin America-current structure and future directions. Arch Osteoporos 2018;13:90.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Carlos F, Clark P, Galindo-Suárez RM, Chico-Barba LG. Health care costs of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fragility fractures in Mexico. Arch Osteoporos 2013;8:125.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Muñoz-Garach A, García-Fontana B, Muñoz-Torres M. Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2020;12. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12071986.

Levis S, Lagari VS. The role of diet in osteoporosis prevention and management. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2012;. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-012-0119-y.

Lorincz C, Manske SL, Zernicke R. Bone health: part 1, nutrition. Sports Health 2009;1:253–260.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gao S, Qian X, Huang S, Deng W, Li Z, Hu Y. Association between macronutrients intake distribution and bone mineral density. Clin Nutr 2022;41:1689–1696.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Steell L, Sillars A, Welsh P, Iliodromiti S, Wong SC, Pell JP, Sattar N, Gill JMR, Celis-Morales CA, Gray SR. Associations of dietary protein intake with bone mineral density: An observational study in 70,215 UK Biobank participants. Bone 2019;120:38–43.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dai Z, Jafarzadeh SR, Niu J, Felson DT, Jacques PF, Li S, Zhang Y. Body Mass Index Mediates the Association between Dietary Fiber and Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis in the Osteoarthritis Initiative and the Framingham Osteoarthritis Study. J Nutr 2018;148:1961–1967.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Massey LK. Dietary animal and plant protein and human bone health: a whole foods approach. J Nutr 2003;133:862S–865S.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kelly OJ, Gilman JC, Kim Y, Ilich JZ. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids may mutually benefit both obesity and osteoporosis. Nutr Res 2013;33:521–533.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cunha JS, Ferreira VM, Maquigussa E, Naves MA, Boim MA. Effects of high glucose and high insulin concentrations on osteoblast function in vitro. Cell Tissue Res 2014;358:249–256.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sanguineti R, Puddu A, Mach F, Montecucco F, Viviani GL. Advanced glycation end products play adverse proinflammatory activities in osteoporosis. Mediators Inflamm 2014:975872.

Miranda C, Giner M, Montoya MJ, Vázquez MA, Miranda MJ, Pérez-Cano R. Influence of high glucose and advanced glycation end-products (ages) levels in human osteoblast-like cells gene expression. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016;17:377.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

García-Gavilán JF, Bulló M, Camacho-Barcia L, Rosique-Esteban N, Hernández-Alonso P, Basora J, Martínez-González MA, Estruch R, Fitó M, Salas-Salvadó J. Higher dietary glycemic index and glycemic load values increase the risk of osteoporotic fracture in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Reus trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2018;107:1035–1042.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nouri M, Mahmoodi M, Shateri Z, Ghadiri M, Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi M, Vali M, Gargari BP. How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case-control study. BMC Womens Health 2023;23:42.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Campbell WW, Tang M. Protein intake, weight loss, and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010;65:1115–1122.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Isanejad M, Sirola J, Mursu J, Kröger H, Tuppurainen M, Erkkilä AT. Association of Protein Intake with Bone Mineral Density and Bone Mineral Content among Elderly Women: The OSTPRE Fracture Prevention Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2017;21:622–630.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rosato V, Temple NJ, La Vecchia C, Castellan G, Tavani A, Guercio V. Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Nutr 2019;58:173–191.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schwingshackl L, Missbach B, König J, Hoffmann G. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr 2015;18:1292–1299.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Cancer Med 2015;4:1933–1947.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Andreo-López MC, Contreras-Bolívar V, García-Fontana B, García-Fontana C, Muñoz-Torres M. The Influence of the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia. Nutrients 2023;15. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143224.

Bere E, Brug J. Towards health-promoting and environmentally friendly regional diets - a Nordic example. Public Health Nutr 2009;12:91–96.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Valerino-Perea S, Lara-Castor L, Armstrong MEG, Papadaki A. Definition of the Traditional Mexican Diet and Its Role in Health: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2019;11. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112803.

Groenendijk I, Grootswagers P, Santoro A, Franceschi C, Bazzocchi A, Meunier N, Caille A, Malpuech-Brugere C, Bialecka-Debek A, Pietruszka B, Fairweather-Tait S, Jennings A, de Groot LCPGM. Protein intake and bone mineral density: Cross-sectional relationship and longitudinal effects in older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023;14:116–125.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lee T, Suh HS. Associations between Dietary Fiber Intake and Bone Mineral Density in Adult Korean Population: Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2011. J bone Metab 2019;26:151–160.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Aburto TC, Batis C, Pedroza-Tobías A, Pedraza LS, Ramírez-Silva I, Rivera JA. Dietary intake of the Mexican population: comparing food group contribution to recommendations, 2012–2016. Salud Publica Mex 2022;64:267–279.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rivera-Paredez B, Quezada-Sánchez AD, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Torres-Ibarra L, Flores YN, Salmerón J, Velázquez-Cruz R. Diet Modulates the Effects of Genetic Variants on the Vitamin D Metabolic Pathway and Bone Mineral Density in Mexican Postmenopausal Women. J Nutr 2021;151:1726–1735.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Denova-Gutiérrez E, Flores YN, Gallegos-Carrillo K, et al. Health workers cohort study: methods and study design. Salud Publica Mex 2016;58:708–716.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hernández-Avila M, Romieu I, Parra S. Validity and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary intake of women living in Mexico City. Salud Publica Mex 1998;39:133–140.

Article  Google Scholar 

Hernández-Avila M, Resoles M PS. Sistema de evaluación de hábitos nutricionales y consumo de nutrimentos (SNUT), 2000.

Davis SR, Lambrinoudaki I, Lumsden M, Mishra GD, Pal L, Rees M, Santoro N, Simoncini T. Menopause. Nat Rev Dis Prim 2015;1:15004.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Emaus N, Berntsen GKR, Joakimsen R, Fonnebø V. Longitudinal changes in forearm bone mineral density in women and men aged 45–84 years: the Tromso Study, a population-based study. Am J Epidemiol 2006;163:441–449.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Who WHO, 1998. Obesity. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Available at: https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/43000. Accessed March 5, 2020.

Who WHO, 2010. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva World Heal Organ. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/11026480410034349.

Committee ADAPP. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022. Diabetes Care 2021;45:S17–S38.

Google Scholar 

Allison P. Fixed Effects Regression Models 2009. doi:https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412993869.

Jacob C. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd editio. Routledge, 1988. doi: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587.

Groenendijk I, den Boeft L, van Loon LJC, de Groot LCPGM. High Versus low Dietary Protein Intake and Bone Health in Older Adults: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019;17:1101–1112.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shams-White MM, Chung M, Du M, Fu Z, Insogna KL, Karlsen MC, LeBoff MS, Shapses SA, Sackey J, Wallace TC, Weaver CM. Dietary protein and bone health: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation. Am J Clin Nutr, 2017. doi:https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.145110.

Hannan MT, Tucker KL, Dawson-Hughes B, Cupples LA, Felson DT, Kiel DP. Effect of dietary protein on bone loss in elderly men and women: The Framingham Osteoporosis Study. J Bone Miner Res, 2000. doi:https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.12.2504.

Weaver AA, Tooze JA, Cauley JA, Bauer DC, Tylavsky FA, Kritchevsky SB, Houston DK. Effect of Dietary Protein Intake on Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Incidence in Older Adults in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021;76:2213–2222.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sellmeyer DE, Stone KL, Sebastian A, Cummings SR. A high ratio of dietary animal to vegetable protein increases the rate of bone loss and the risk of fracture in postmenopausal women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:118–122.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hu T, Rianon NJ, Nettleton JA, Hyder JA, He J, Steffen LM, Jacobs DRJ, Criqui MH, Bazzano LA. Protein intake and lumbar bone density: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Br J Nutr 2014;112:1384–1392.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wallace TC, Frankenfeld CL. Dietary Protein Intake above the Current RDA and Bone Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Coll Nutr 2017;36:481–496.