Effect of Video-Assisted Isometric Strengthening Exercise Program on Pain and Muscle Strength Poststabilization of Lower Limb Fracture

Wan Ling Lee, PhD, RN, Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Shanthi Ramanathan, MNSc, RN, Ministry of Health Training Institute (Nursing), Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Mahmoud Danaee, PhD, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Noor Hanita Zaini, MNSc, RN, Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Vimala Ramoo, PhD, RN, Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Correspondence: Lee Wan Ling, PhD, RN, Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ([email protected]).

The authors would like to request for L.W.L. and S.R. as first author because of the equal amount of work, leadership, and accountability that were shared.

The authors' contributions are as follows: (1) conception of study: S.R., L.W.L., N.H.Z., and V.R.; (2) data collection: S.R.; (3) data analysis: L.W.L., S.R., and M.D.; (4) data interpretation: L.W.L. and M.D.; (5) drafting the article: L.W.L. and S.R.; and (6) critical revision of the article and final approval of the version to be published: all authors.

The authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest.

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