The Quest for Circulating Biomarkers in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: a Clinical Perspective

Rizen EN, Phan AT. Neuroendocrine tumors: a relevant clinical update. Curr Oncol Rep. 2022;24(6):703–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-022-01217-z.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dasari A, Shen C, Halperin D, Zhao B, Zhou S, Xu Y, et al. Trends in the incidence, prevalence, and survival outcomes in patients with neuroendocrine tumors in the United States. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(10):1335–42. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.0589.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Oronsky B, Ma PC, Morgensztern D, Carter CA. Nothing but NET: a review of neuroendocrine tumors and carcinomas. Neoplasia (New York, NY). 2017;19(12):991–1002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neo.2017.09.002.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Jiao Y, Shi C, Edil BH, de Wilde RF, Klimstra DS, Maitra A, et al. DAXX/ATRX, MEN1, and mTOR pathway genes are frequently altered in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Science (New York, NY). 2011;331(6021):1199–203. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1200609.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rindi G, Mete O, Uccella S, Basturk O, La Rosa S, Brosens LAA, et al. Overview of the 2022 WHO classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Endocr Pathol. 2022;33(1):115–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12022-022-09708-2.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Aluri V, Dillon JS. Biochemical testing in neuroendocrine tumors. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am. 2017;46(3):669–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2017.04.004.

Article  Google Scholar 

Oberg K, Modlin IM, De Herder W, Pavel M, Klimstra D, Frilling A, et al. Consensus on biomarkers for neuroendocrine tumour disease. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(9):e435–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(15)00186-2.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ciobanu OA, Martin S, Fica S. Perspectives on the diagnostic, predictive and prognostic markers of neuroendocrine neoplasms (Review). Exp Ther Med. 2021;22(6):1479. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10914.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Herrera-Martínez AD, Hofland LJ, Gálvez Moreno MA, Castaño JP, de Herder WW, Feelders RA. Neuroendocrine neoplasms: current and potential diagnostic, predictive and prognostic markers. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2019;26(3):R157-r79. https://doi.org/10.1530/erc-18-0354.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Modlin IM, Kidd M, Malczewska A, Drozdov I, Bodei L, Matar S, et al. The NETest: the clinical utility of multigene blood analysis in the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumors. Endocr Metab Clin N Am. 2018;47(3):485–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2018.05.002.

Article  Google Scholar 

Malczewska A, Kos-Kudła B, Kidd M, Drozdov I, Bodei L, Matar S, et al. The clinical applications of a multigene liquid biopsy (NETest) in neuroendocrine tumors. Adv Med Sci. 2020;65(1):18–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advms.2019.10.002.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

• Boons G, Vandamme T, Mariën L, Lybaert W, Roeyen G, Rondou T, et al. Longitudinal copy-number alteration analysis in plasma cell-free DNA of neuroendocrine neoplasms is a novel specific biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up. Cli Cancer Res. 2022;28(2):338–49. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-2291. This paper reveals that the CNA patterns in the cfDNA of NEN patients could serve as a novel, highly specific biomarker.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Marotta V, Zatelli MC, Sciammarella C, Ambrosio MR, Bondanelli M, Colao A, et al. Chromogranin A as circulating marker for diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine neoplasms: more flaws than fame. Endocri Relat Cancer. 2018;25(1):R11-r29. https://doi.org/10.1530/erc-17-0269.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Matar S, Malczewska A, Oberg K, Bodei L, Aslanian H, Lewczuk-Myślicka A, et al. Blood chromogranin A is not effective as a biomarker for diagnosis or management of bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors/neoplasms. Neuroendocrinology. 2020;110(3–4):185–97. https://doi.org/10.1159/000500202.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bajetta E, Ferrari L, Martinetti A, Celio L, Procopio G, Artale S, et al. Chromogranin A, neuron specific enolase, carcinoembryonic antigen, and hydroxyindole acetic acid evaluation in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Cancer. 1999;86(5):858–65. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19990901)86:5%3c858::aid-cncr23%3e3.0.co;2-8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nobels FR, Kwekkeboom DJ, Coopmans W, Schoenmakers CH, Lindemans J, De Herder WW, et al. Chromogranin A as serum marker for neuroendocrine neoplasia: comparison with neuron-specific enolase and the alpha-subunit of glycoprotein hormones. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82(8):2622–8. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.82.8.4145.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Baudin E, Gigliotti A, Ducreux M, Ropers J, Comoy E, Sabourin JC, et al. Neuron-specific enolase and chromogranin A as markers of neuroendocrine tumours. Br J Cancer. 1998;78(8):1102–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1998.635.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Panzuto F, Severi C, Cannizzaro R, Falconi M, Angeletti S, Pasquali A, et al. Utility of combined use of plasma levels of chromogranin A and pancreatic polypeptide in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal and pancreatic endocrine tumors. J Endocrinol Invest. 2004;27(1):6–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03350903.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Walter T, Chardon L, Chopin-laly X, Raverot V, Caffin AG, Chayvialle JA, et al. Is the combination of chromogranin A and pancreatic polypeptide serum determinations of interest in the diagnosis and follow-up of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours? Eur J Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990). 2012;48(12):1766–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2011.11.005.

Chauhan A, Prieur A, Kolesar J, Arnold S, Payen L, Mahi Y, et al. hPG(80) (circulating progastrin), a novel blood-based biomarker for detection of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma and well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors. Cancers. 2022;14(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14040863.

Öberg K, Califano A, Strosberg JR, Ma S, Pape U, Bodei L, et al. A meta-analysis of the accuracy of a neuroendocrine tumor mRNA genomic biomarker (NETest) in blood. Ann Oncol. 2020;31(2):202–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2019.11.003.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fang JM, Li J, Shi J. An update on the diagnosis of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. World J Gastroenterol. 2022;28(10):1009–23. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i10.1009.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rizzo FM, Meyer T. Liquid biopsies for neuroendocrine tumors: circulating tumor cells, DNA, and microRNAs. Endocr Metab Clin N Am. 2018;47(3):471–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2018.04.002.

Article  Google Scholar 

Mader S, Pantel K. Liquid biopsy: current status and future perspectives. Oncol Res Treat. 2017;40(7–8):404–8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000478018.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hofland J, Zandee WT, de Herder WW. Role of biomarker tests for diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumours. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(11):656–69. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-018-0082-5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kanakis G, Kaltsas G. Biochemical markers for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NETs). Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;26(6):791–802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2012.12.006.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Oberg K, Couvelard A, Delle Fave G, Gross D, Grossman A, Jensen RT, et al. ENETS consensus guidelines for standard of care in neuroendocrine tumours: biochemical markers. Neuroendocrinology. 2017;105(3):201–11. https://doi.org/10.1159/000472254.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Niederle B, Pape UF, Costa F, Gross D, Kelestimur F, Knigge U, et al. ENETS consensus guidelines update for neuroendocrine neoplasms of the jejunum and ileum. Neuroendocrinology. 2016;103(2):125–38. https://doi.org/10.1159/000443170.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Boudreaux JP, Klimstra DS, Hassan MM, Woltering EA, Jensen RT, Goldsmith SJ, et al. The NANETS consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumors: well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the jejunum, ileum, appendix, and cecum. Pancreas. 2010;39(6):753–66. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181ebb2a5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rehfeld JF, Broedbaek K, Goetze JP, Knigge U, Hilsted LM. True chromogranin A concentrations in plasma from patients with small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2020;55(5):565–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/00365521.2020.1759141.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Erickson JA, Chiang FI, Walker CM, Genzen JR, Doyle K. Comparison of two chromogranin A assays and investigation of nonlinear specimens. Pract Lab Med. 2022;32: e00299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plabm.2022.e00299.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Modlin IM, Oberg K, Taylor A, Drozdov I, Bodei L, Kidd M. Neuroendocrine tumor biomarkers: current status and perspectives. Neuroendocrinology. 2014;100(4):265–77. https://doi.org/10.1159/000368363.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hofland J, Kaltsas G, de Herder WW. Advances in the diagnosis and management of well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms. Endocr Rev. 2020;41(2):371–403. https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnz004.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Roll W, Weckesser M, Seifert R, Bodei L, Rahbar K. Imaging and liquid biopsy in the prediction and evaluation of response to PRRT in neuroendocrine tumors: implications for patient management. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021;48(12):4016–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-021-05359-3.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central 

Comments (0)

No login
gif