(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2023;141:756–763)

A precursor to one of the most common cancers in the world and the United States and worldwide (cervical malignancy) is cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Because the causal agent is known to be human papillomavirus (HPV), a primary prevention method of HPV vaccination is universally recommended for individuals 9 to 26 years of age and is not universally recommended but is approved for individuals aged 27 to 45 years.