McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, et al. The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2011;7:263–9.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McKeith IG, Boeve BF, Dickson DW, et al. Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: fourth consensus report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology. 2017;89:88–100.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dubois B, Burn D, Goetz C, et al. Diagnostic procedures for Parkinson’s disease dementia: recommendations from the movement disorder society task force. Mov Disord. 2007;22:2314–24.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sachdev P, Kalaria R, O’Brien J, et al. Diagnostic criteria for vascular cognitive disorders: a VASCOG statement. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2014;28:206–18.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ducharme S, Dols A, Laforce R, et al. Recommendations to distinguish behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia from psychiatric disorders. Brain. 2020;143:1632–50.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Boyle PA, Yu L, Leurgans SE, et al. Attributable risk of Alzheimer’s dementia attributed to age-related neuropathologies. Ann Neurol. 2019;85:114–24.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schneider JA. Neuropathology of dementia disorders. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2022;28:834–51.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Soto C, Pritzkow S. Protein misfolding, aggregation, and conformational strains in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Neurosci. 2018;21:1332–40.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mrdjen D, Fox EJ, Bukhari SA, et al. The basis of cellular and regional vulnerability in Alzheimer’s disease. Acta Neuropathol. 2019;138:729–49.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Trejo-Lopez JA, Yachnis AT, Prokop S. Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurotherapeutics. 2022;19:173–85.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cummings J, Lee G, Nahed P, et al. Alzheimer’s disease drug development pipeline: 2022. Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2022;8:e12295.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brayne C, Richardson K, Matthews FE, et al. Neuropathological correlates of dementia in over-80-year-old brain donors from the population-based Cambridge city over-75s cohort (CC75C) study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2009;18:645–58.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

White LR, Edland SD, Hemmy LS, et al. Neuropathologic comorbidity and cognitive impairment in the Nun and Honolulu-Asia aging studies. Neurology. 2016;86:1000–8.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bartus RT, Dean RL 3rd, Beer B, Lippa AS. The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction. Science. 1982;217:408–14.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bowen DM, Smith CB, White P, Davison AN. Neurotransmitter-related enzymes and indices of hypoxia in senile dementia and other abiotrophies. Brain. 1976;99:459–96.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Davies P, Maloney AJ. Selective loss of central cholinergic neurons in Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet. 1976;2:1403.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mesulam M. A horseradish peroxidase method for the identification of the efferents of acetyl cholinesterase-containing neurons. J Histochem Cytochem. 1976;24:1281–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Whitehouse PJ, Price DL, Clark AW, Coyle JT, DeLong MR. Alzheimer disease: evidence for selective loss of cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis. Ann Neurol. 1981;10:122–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Drachman DA, Leavitt J. Human memory and the cholinergic system. A relationship to aging? Arch Neurol. 1974;30:113–21.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Summers WK, Majovski LV, Marsh GM, Tachiki K, Kling A. Oral tetrahydroaminoacridine in long-term treatment of senile dementia. Alzheimer type N Engl J Med. 1986;315:1241–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Knight R, Khondoker M, Magill N, Stewart R, Landau S. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in treating the cognitive symptoms of dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2018;45:131–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cacabelos R, Takeda M, Winblad B. The glutamatergic system and neurodegeneration in dementia: preventive strategies in Alzheimer’s disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1999;14:3–47.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Binvignat O, Olloquequi J. Excitotoxicity as a target against neurodegenerative processes. Curr Pharm Des. 2020;26:1251–62.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Andersen JV, Markussen KH, Jakobsen E, et al. Glutamate metabolism and recycling at the excitatory synapse in health and neurodegeneration. Neuropharmacology. 2021;196:108719.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Xia P, Chen HS, Zhang D, Lipton SA. Memantine preferentially blocks extrasynaptic over synaptic NMDA receptor currents in hippocampal autapses. J Neurosci. 2010;30:11246–50.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Doody RS, Tariot PN, Pfeiffer E, Olin JT, Graham SM. Meta-analysis of six-month memantine trials in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2007;3:7–17.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schneider LS, Dagerman KS, Higgins JP, McShane R. Lack of evidence for the efficacy of memantine in mild Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2011;68:991–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Atri A, Hendrix SB, Pejović V, et al. Cumulative, additive benefits of memantine-donepezil combination over component monotherapies in moderate to severe Alzheimer’s dementia: a pooled area under the curve analysis. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2015;7:28.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Deardorff WJ, Grossberg GT. A fixed-dose combination of memantine extended-release and donepezil in the treatment of moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016;10:3267–79.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhang Q, Aldridge GM, Narayanan NS, Anderson SW, Uc EY. Approach to cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. Neurotherapeutics. 2020;17:1495–510.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen JH, Huang TW, Hong CT. Cholinesterase inhibitors for gait, balance, and fall in Parkinson disease: a meta-analysis. NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2021;7:103.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sun C, Armstrong MJ. Treatment of Parkinson’s disease with cognitive impairment: current approaches and future directions. Behav Sci (Basel). 2021;11:54.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Baskys A, Hou AC. Vascular dementia: pharmacological treatment approaches and perspectives. Clin Interv Aging. 2007;2:327–35.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Matsunaga S, Kishi T, Yasue I, Iwata N. Cholinesterase inhibitors for lewy body disorders: a meta-analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;19:pyv086.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tsai RM, Boxer AL. Treatment of frontotemporal dementia. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2014;16:319.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brennan L, Pantelyat A, Duda JE, et al. Memantine and cognition in Parkinson’s disease dementia/dementia with lewy bodies: a meta-analysis. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2016;3:161–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Medoro A, Bartollino S, Mignogna D, et al. Complexity and selectivity of γ-secretase cleavage on multiple substrates: consequences in Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;61:1–15.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hur JY. γ-secretase in Alzheimer’s disease. Exp Mol Med. 2022;54:433–46.