aDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto

bTed Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

cDepartment of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York

dLutheran Hospital

eIndiana University School of Medicine - Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA

Correspondence to Dr Hannah Copeland, MD, MBA, CPE, FACS, FACC, FAST, Surgical Director of Heart Transplant and Mechanical Circulatory Support, Director of ECMO, Assistant Professor of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine – Fort Wayne (IUSM-FW), Lutheran Hospital, 7910 W. Jefferson Blvd, MOB 2, Suite 102, Fort Wayne, IN 46804, USA. E-mail: [email protected]