Duggan C, Trapani D, Ilbawi AM, Fidarova E, Laversanne M, Curigliano G, et al. National health system characteristics, breast cancer stage at diagnosis, and breast cancer mortality: a population-based analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(11):1632–42.
Dayan JH, Ly CL, Kataru RP, Mehrara BJ. Lymphedema: pathogenesis and novel therapies. Annu Rev Med. 2018;29(69):263–76.
Pusic AL, Cemal Y, Albornoz C, Klassen A, Cano S, Sulimanoff I, et al. Quality of life among breast cancer patients with lymphedema: a systematic review of patient-reported outcome instruments and outcomes. J Cancer Surviv. 2013;7(1):83–92.
Johnson AR, Fleishman A, Granoff MD, Shillue K, Houlihan MJ, Sharma R, et al. Evaluating the impact of immediate lymphatic reconstruction for the surgical prevention of lymphedema. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021;147(3):373E-381E.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
DiSipio T, Rye S, Newman B, Hayes S. Incidence of unilateral arm lymphoedema after breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14(6):500–15.
Johnson AR, Kimball S, Epstein S, Recht A, Lin SJ, Lee BT, et al. Lymphedema incidence after axillary lymph node dissection: quantifying the impact of radiation and the lymphatic microsurgical preventive healing approach. Ann Plast Surg. 2019;82(4S Suppl 3):S234-41.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
McDuff SGR, Mina AI, Brunelle CL, Salama L, Warren LEG, Abouegylah M, et al. Timing of lymphedema after treatment for breast cancer: when are patients most at risk? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2019;103(1):62–70.
• Granoff MD, Pardo JA, Johnson AR, Fleishman A, Tillotson E, Thomson S, et al. Superficial and functional lymphatic anatomy of the upper extremity. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022;150(4):900–7. Detailed anatomic description of the superficial lymphatic pathways in the upper extremity based on ICG lymphangiography.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Medina-Rodríguez ME, de-la-Casa-Almeida M, Martel-Almeida E, Ojeda-Cárdenes A, Medrano-Sánchez EM. Visualization of accessory lymphatic pathways, before and after manual drainage, in secondary upper limb lymphedema using indocyanine green lymphography. J Clin Med. 2019;8(11):1917.
Pronin VI, Adamian AA, Zolotarevskiĭ VIa, Rozanov IuL, Savchenko TV. Limfovenoznye anastomozy dlia profilaktiki postmastéktomi- cheskogo oteka verkhneĭ konechnosti [Lymphovenous anastomoses in the prevention of post-mastectomy edema of the arm]. Sov Med. 1989;(4):32–5. (in Russian)
Boccardo F, Casabona F, De Cian F, Friedman D, Villa G, Bogliolo S, et al. Lymphedema microsurgical preventive healing approach: a new technique for primary prevention of arm lymphedema after mastectomy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16(3):703–8.
Boccardo FM, Casabona F, Friedman D, Puglisi M, De Cian F, Ansaldi F, et al. Surgical prevention of arm lymphedema after breast cancer treatment. Ann Surg Oncol. 2011;18(9):2500–5.
Boccardo F, Casabona F, Decian F, Friedman D, Murelli F, Puglisi M, et al. Lymphatic microsurgical preventing healing approach (LYMPHA) for primary surgical prevention of breast cancer-related lymphedema: over 4 years follow-up. Microsurgery. 2014;34(6):421–4.
Feldman S, Bansil H, Ascherman J, Grant R, Borden B, Henderson P, et al. Single institution experience with lymphatic microsurgical preventive healing approach (LYMPHA) for the primary prevention of lymphedema. Ann Surg Oncol. 2015;22(10):3296–301.
Hahamoff M, Gupta N, Munoz D, Lee BT, Clevenger P, Shaw C, et al. A lymphedema surveillance program for breast cancer patients reveals the promise of surgical prevention. J Surg Res. 2019;1(244):604–11.
• Schwarz GS, Grobmyer SR, Djohan RS, Cakmakoglu C, Bernard SL, Radford D, et al. Axillary reverse mapping and lymphaticovenous bypass: lymphedema prevention through enhanced lymphatic visualization and restoration of flow. J Surg Oncol. 2019;120(2):160–7. Highlights technical nuances of performing ILR.
Cook JA, Sasor SE, Loewenstein SN, DeBrock W, Lester M, Socas J, et al. Immediate lymphatic reconstruction after axillary lymphadenectomy: a single-institution early experience. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021;28(3):1381–7.
• Granoff MD, Fleishman A, Shillue K, Johnson AR, Ross J, Lee BT, Teller P, James TA, Singhal D. A four-year institutional experience of immediate lymphatic reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000010381. One of the largest ILR cohorts in the literature.
Herremans KM, Cribbin MP, Riner AN, Neal DW, Hollen TL, Clevenger P, et al. Five-year breast surgeon experience in LYMPHA at time of ALND for treatment of clinical T1–4N1–3M0 breast cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021;28(10):5775–87.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Levy AS, Murphy AI, Ishtihar S, Peysakhovich A, Taback B, Grant RT, et al. Lymphatic microsurgical preventive healing approach for the primary prevention of lymphedema: a 4-year follow-up. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023;151(2):413–20. Retrospective ILR cohort with the longest follow-up.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Buchan G, Cakmakoglu C, Schwarz GS. ICG lymphographic findings following immediate lymphatic reconstruction in breast cancer patients. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2022;75(7):2164–71.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Johnson AR, Tétrault MA, Bravo MG, Girouard V, Laurence R, Lee BT, et al. Novel quantification of real-time lymphatic clearance: immediate lymphatic reconstruction in a large-animal model. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022;149(1):130–41.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Weinstein B, Le NK, Robertson E, Zimmerman A, Tavares T, Tran T, et al. Reverse lymphatic mapping and immediate microsurgical lymphatic reconstruction reduces early risk of breast cancer-related lymphedema. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022;149(5):1061–9.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Agrawal J, Mehta S, Goel A, Pande PK, Kumar K. Lymphatic microsurgical preventing healing approach (LYMPHA) for prevention of breast cancer-related lymphedema—a preliminary report. Indian J Surg Oncol. 2018;9(3):369–73.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ozmen T, Lazaro M, Zhou Y, Vinyard A, Avisar E. Evaluation of simplified lymphatic microsurgical preventing healing approach (S-Lympha) for the prevention of breast cancer–related clinical lymphedema after axillary lymph node dissection. Ann Surg. 2019;270(6):1156–60.
Johnson A, Feldman S, James T, Spiguel L, Boccardo F, Singhal D. Comment on a letter to the editor regarding “Evaluation of simplified lymphatic microsurgical preventing healing approach (S-LYMPHA) for the prevention of breast cancer-related clinical lymphedema after axillary lymph node dissection.” Ann Surg. 2019;270(2):e29-30.
Chiang SN, Skolnick GB, Westman AM, Sacks JM, Christensen JM. National outcomes of prophylactic lymphovenous bypass during axillary lymph node dissection. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2022;38(8):613–20.
Shaffer K, Cakmakoglu C, Schwarz GS, ElSherif A, Al-Hilli Z, Djohan R, et al. Lymphedema prevention surgery: improved operating efficiency over time. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020;27(12):4695–701.
Guzzo HM, Valente SA, Schwarz GS, ElSherif A, Grobmyer SR, Cakmakoglu C, et al. Oncologic safety of axillary lymph node dissection with immediate lymphatic reconstruction. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2022;196(3):657–64.
Chen WF, Knackstedt R. Delayed distally based prophylactic lymphaticovenular anastomosis: improved functionality, feasibility, and oncologic safety? J Reconstr Microsurg. 2020;36(9):E1-2.
Comments (0)