1   Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

,

2   Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

,

Anne Schoneberg

1   Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

,

Sabine Hanß

1   Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

,

Martin Wiesenfeldt

1   Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

,

Melanie Stecher

3   Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany

4   German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany

,

Lazar Mitrov

5   Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

,

Sina Marie Hopff

5   Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

,

Sarah Steinbrecher

6   Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

,

Florian Kurth

6   Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

,

Thomas Bahmer

7   Internal Medicine Department I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany

8   Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Wöhrendamm Großhansdorf, Germany

,

Stefan Schreiber

7   Internal Medicine Department I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany

,

Daniel Pape

7   Internal Medicine Department I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany

,

Anna-Lena Hofmann

2   Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

,

Mirjam Kohls

2   Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

,

Stefan Störk

9   Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, and Department Internal Medicine I, Würzburg, Germany

,

Hans Christian Stubbe

10   Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany

,

Johannes J. Tebbe

11   Department of Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center East Westphalia-Lippe, Klinikum Lippe, Lemgo, Germany

,

Johannes C. Hellmuth

12   Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany

13   COVID-19 Registry of the LMU Munich (CORKUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany

,

Johanna Erber

14   Department II of Internal Medicine, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Germany

,

Lilian Krist

15   Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

,

Siegbert Rieg

16   Department of Medicine II, Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical Centre – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

,

Lisa Pilgram

17   Department II of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

18   Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

,

Jörg J. Vehreschild

3   Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany

4   German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany

18   Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

,

Jens-Peter Reese

2   Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

,

Dagmar Krefting

1   Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

19   Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany

The study was carried out using the clinical-scientific infrastructure and data of NUKLEUS, NAPKON, and CODEX of the Network University Medicine (NUM, grant number 01KX2121), with support from the German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK, grant number 81Z0300108) both funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) .