Figure 1. SEM direct and indirect effects on prosocial bystander from spirituality, happiness, and altruism.

Table 1. Descriptive statistics and correlation matrix.

Table 1. Descriptive statistics and correlation matrix.

MSDSkewnessKurtosis1234(1) Spirituality2.901.120.039−0.921_ (2) Happiness3.520.81−0.461−0.0710.25 **_ (3) Altruism3.480.65−0.181−0.1960.33 **0.30 **_ (4) Prosocial bystander3.410.94−0.212−0.6810.22 **0.32 **0.49 **_