Aamar RO, Lamson AL and Smith D (2015) `Qualitative Trends in Biopsychosocial-Spiritual Treatment for Underserved Patients with Type 2 Diabetes', Contemporary Family Therapy 37(1): 33–44.
Google Scholar | Crossref Abbott, S, Dindol, N, Tahrani, A, et al.(2018) Binge eating disorder and night eating syndrome in adults with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Eating Disorders 6: 36.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Al-Amer, R, Ramjan, L, Glew, P, et al.(2015) Diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes: the experience of Jordanian patients with co-existing depression. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 36(3): 231–238.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Albai, A, Sima, A, Papava, I, et al.(2017) Association between coping mechanisms and adherence to diabetes-related self-care activities: a cross-sectional study. Patient Preference and Adherence 11: 1235–1241.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Ammerman, N (2013) Spiritual but not religious? Beyond binary choices in the study of religion. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 52(2): 258–278.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI Avery, L, Flynn, D, van Wersch, A, et al.(2012) Changing physical activity behavior in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of behavioral interventions. Diabetes Care 35(12): 2681–2689.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Barker, J (2015) Fixing footcare in Sheffield: Improving the pathway, London: Diabetes UK.
Google Scholar Baumeister, R, Maranges, H, Vohs, K (2018) Human self as information agent: functioning in a social environment based on shared meanings. Review of General Psychology 22(1): 36–47.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals Belgrave, FZ, Allison, KW (2006) African American Psychology: From Africa to America, Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Google Scholar Bhattacharya G (2012) `Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes Among African Americans in the Arkansas Delta: A Strengths Perspective in Social-Cultural Context'. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 23(1): 161–178.
Google Scholar | Crossref Braun, V, Clarke, V (2006) Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology 3(2): 77–101.
Google Scholar | Crossref Cawley N (1997) `Towards Defining Spirituality: an Exploration of the Concept of Spirituality'. International Journal of Palliative Nursing (3): 31–36.
Google Scholar Chen, R, Ovbiagele, B, Feng, W (2016) Diabetes and stroke: epidemiology, pathophysiology, pharmaceuticals and outcomes. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 351(4): 380–386.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Collins, M, Bradley, C, O’Sullivan, T, et al.(2009) Self-care coping strategies in people with diabetes: a qualitative exploratory study. BMC Endocrine Disorders 9: 1–9.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Creswell, J (2007) Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing among five approaches, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications Inc.
Google Scholar Diabetes.co.uk (2017) Diabetic Nephropathy – Kidney Disease. Available at: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/diabetes-complications/kidney-disease.html (accessed 8 April 2021).
Google Scholar Diabetes UK (2018c) Diabetes Primary and Community Care. Available at: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/professionals/resources/shared-practice/primary-and-community-care (accessed 1 February 2021).
Google Scholar Diabetes UK (2019a) Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA). Available at: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/diabetes-the-basics/other-types-of-diabetes/latent-autoimmune-diabetes (accessed 1 August 2020).
Google Scholar Diabetes UK (2019b) Tackling the Crisis: Transforming Diabetes Care for a Better Future. Available at: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/resources-s3/2019-04/Diabetes%20UK%20 Tackling%20the%20Crisis.pdf (accessed 8 April 2021).
Google Scholar Diabetes UK (2019c) Diabetes Education: The Big Missed Opportunity in Diabetes Care. Available at: https://diabetes-resources-production.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/ diabetes-storage /migration/pdf/Diabetes%2520UK_Diabetes%2520education%2520-%2520the%2520big%2520missed%2520opportunity_updated%2520June%25202016.pdf (accessed 8 April 2021).
Google Scholar DiMatteo, M (2004) Social support and patient adherence to medical treatment: a meta-analysis. Health Psychology 23(2): 207–218.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI Duke, N, Wigley, W (2016) Literature review: the self-management of diet, exercise and medicine adherence of people with type 2 diabetes is influenced by their spiritual beliefs. Journal of Diabetes Nursing 20(5): 184–190.
Google Scholar Folkman S (2013) Stress: appraisal and coping. In: Gellman MD and Turner JR (eds) Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine. New York: Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215.
Google Scholar | Crossref Gallant, M, Spitze, G, Prohaska, T (2007) Help or Hindrance? How family and friends management among older adults. Research on Aging 29(5): 375–409.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI Garay-Sevilla, M, Porras, J, Malacara, J (2011) Coping strategies and adherence to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Revista de Investigacion Clinica 63(2): 155–161.
Google Scholar | Medline Gatineau, M, Hancock, C, Holman, N, et al.(2014) Adult Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, Oxford: Public Health England.
Google Scholar Gorter, KJ, Tuytel, GH, De Leeuw, JRJ, et al.(2010) Preferences and opinions of patients with type 2 diabetes on education and self-care: a cross-sectional survey. Diabetic Medicine 27(1): 85–91.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Gupta, PS, Anandarajah, G (2014) The role of spirituality in diabetes self-management in an urban, underserved population: a qualitative exploratory study. Rhode Island Medical Journal 97(3): 31–35.
Google Scholar Hibbard J and Gilburt H (2014) Supporting People to Manage their Health: An introduction to patient activation. London: The King’s Fund. Available at: https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/publications/supporting-people-manage-their-health (accessed 1 August 2020).
Google Scholar International Anglican Family Network (2017) Promoting Health in Families. Available at: https://www.anglicancommunion.org/media/306799/iafn-newsletter-june-2017.pdf (Accessed 5 July 2021).
Google Scholar Jager, MJ, Van Der Sande, R, Essink-Bot, ML, et al.(2019) Views and experiences of ethnic minority diabetes patients on dietetic care in the Netherlands: a qualitative study. European Journal of Public Health 29(2): 208–213.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Jones, R, Utz, S, Wenzel, J, et al.(2006) Use of complementary and alternative therapies by rural African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Alternative Therapies 12(5): 34–38.
Google Scholar | Medline Katon, WJ (2008) The comorbidity of diabetes mellitus and depression. American Journal of Medicine 121: S8–S15.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI King, MB, Koenig, HG (2009) Conceptualising spirituality for medical research and health service provision. Bio Med Central (BMC) Health Services Research 9: 116.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI King’s Fund, The (2017) What Does the Public Think About the NHS? Available at: https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/publications/what-does-public-think-about-nhs (accessed 1 August 2020).
Google Scholar Koenig H (2008) Religion, spirituality and health. In: Carson V and Koenig H (eds) Spirituality Dimensions in Nursing Practice. Rev. ed. West Conshohocken, PA: Templeton Foundation Press, pp.63–122.
Google Scholar Koenig HG (2012) Religion, spirituality, and health: the research and clinical implications. ISRN Psychiatry 2012: 1–33.
Google Scholar | Crossref Koenig, H, King, DE, Carson, VB (2012) Handbook of Religion and Health, 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar Kousoulis, AA, Patelarou, E, Shea, S, et al.(2014) Diabetes self-management arrangements in Europe: a realist review to facilitate a project implemented in six countries. BMC Health Services Research 14(1): 453.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Leal, J, Gray, A, Clarke, P (2009) Development of life-expectancy tables for people with type 2 diabetes. European Heart Journal 30: 834–839.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI Lew K, Arbauh N, Banach P and Melkus G (2015) ‘Diabetes: Christian Worldview, Medical Distrust and Self-Management’. Journal of Religion and Health 54: 1157–1172.
Google Scholar Lexico dictionary (2021) ‘Religion'. Available at: https://www.lexico.com/definition/religion (accessed 5 July 2021).
Google Scholar Liew G, Michaelides M and Bunce C (2014) A comparison of the causes of blindness certifications in England and Wales in working age adults (16–64 years): 1999–2000 with 2009–2010. BMJ Open 4 :e004015.
Google Scholar | Crossref Lincoln, Y, Guba, G (1985) Naturalistic Inquiry, Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications Inc.
Google Scholar | Crossref Lundberg, P, Thrakul, S (2011) Diabetes type 2 self-management among Thai Muslim women. Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness 3(1): 52–60.
Google Scholar | Crossref Malavige, LS, Levy, JC, Sihelnik, SA, et al.(2009) Erectile dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Journal of Sexual Medicine 6: 1232–1247.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline McSherry W (2010) Spiritual assessment: definition, categorisation and features. In: McSherry W and Ross L (eds) Spiritual Assessment in Healthcare Practice. Keswick: M and K Publishing.
Google Scholar McSherry, W, Cash, K, Ross, L (2004) Meaning of spirituality: implications for nursing practice. Journal of Clinical Nursing 13(8): 934–941.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI Namageyo-Funa, A, Muilenburg, J, Wilson, M (2015) The role of religion and spirituality in coping with type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study among Black men. Journal of Religion and Health 54(1): 242–252.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Narayanasamy, A, Clissett, P, Parumal, L, et al.(2004) Responses to the spiritual needs of older people. Journal of Advanced Nursing 48(1): 6–16.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2019a) Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: Management. NICE Guideline 28. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng28 (accessed 1 August 2020).
Google Scholar National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2019b) Physical Activity: Exercise Referral Schemes. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/PH54/chapter/1-Recommendations#exercise-referral-for-people-who-are-sedentary-or-inactive-and-have-a-health-condition-or-other (accessed 1 August 2020).
Google Scholar Newlin Lew K, McKim Mitchell E and McLean Y (2016) `Diabetes Prevention and Management Among Minority Ethnic Groups in Nicaragua: Findings from Phase 2 of a Community-Based Participatory Research Study'. Health Education Journal 75(8): 939–949.
Google Scholar Newlin K, MacLeod Dyess S, Allard E, Chase S and D'Eramo Melkus G (2012) ‘A Methodological Review of Faith-Based Health Promotion Literature: Advancing the Science to Expand Delivery of Diabetes Education to Black Americans’. Journal of Religion and Health 51(4): 1075–1097.
Google Scholar | Crossref NHS (2017) Exercise On Prescription. Available at: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/stress-anxiety-depression/Pages/Exercise-for-depression.aspx (accessed 1 August 2020).
Google Scholar NHS (2020) Respecting the Religious and Cultural needs of Patients. A Multi-Faith Guide. Available at: https://www.gmmh.nhs.uk/download.cfm?doc=docm93jijm4n901 (accessed 1 August 2020).
Google Scholar NHS Choices (2018) People who drink above UK alcohol guidelines ‘lose one to two years of life’. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/news/lifestyle-and-exercise/people-who-drink-above-uk-alcohol-guidelines-lose-one-two-years-life/ (accessed 1 August 2020).
Google Scholar NHS Clinical Networks (2018) Supporting Self-Care for Patients with Diabetes. Patient Activation. South West Example. Available at: https://www.england.nhs.uk/south/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/10/supporting-self-care-for-patients-with-diabetes-factsheet.pdf (accessed 8 April 2021).
Google Scholar NHS Digital (2018) The National Diabetes Audit (NDA) Provides a Comprehensive View of Diabetes Care in England and Wales and Measures the Effectiveness of Diabetes Healthcare Against NICE Clinical Guidelines and NICE Quality Standards. Accessed from www.digital.nhs.uk.
Google Scholar NHS England (2019a) The NHS Long Term Plan. Available at: https://www.longtermplan.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/nhs-long-term-plan-version-1.2.pdf (accessed on 5 July 2021).
Google Scholar NHS England (2019b) Eat Well. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/ (accessed 1 August 2020).
Google Scholar Paley, J (2008) Spirituality and nursing: a reductionist approach. Nursing Philosophy 9(1): 3–18.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI Peel, E, Parry, O, Douglas, M, et al.(2004) Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: a qualitative analysis of patients’ emotional reactions and views about information provision. Patient Education and Counseling 53: 269–275.
Google Scholar |