Sarcopenia: characteristics, mechanisms and functional significance.

Br Med Bull. 95: 139-159Cruz-Jentoft AJ Sayer AA.

Sarcopenia.

Lancet (London, England). 393: 2636-2646Fielding RA Vellas B Evans WJ Bhasin S Morley JE Newman AB et al.

Sarcopenia: an undiagnosed condition in older adults. Current consensus definition: prevalence, etiology, and consequences. International working group on sarcopenia.

J Am Med Directors Assoc. 12: 249-256Perez-Zepeda MU Sgaravatti A Dent E.

Sarcopenia and post-hospital outcomes in older adults: A longitudinal study.

Arch Gerontol Geriatrics. 69: 105-109Yang M Liu Y Zuo Y Tang H.

Sarcopenia for predicting falls and hospitalization in community-dwelling older adults: EWGSOP versus EWGSOP2.

Sci Rep. 9: 17636Tang T Wu L Yang L Jiang J Hao Q Dong B et al.

A sarcopenia screening test predicts mortality in hospitalized older adults.

Sci Rep. 8: 2923Liu P Hao Q Hai S Wang H Cao L Dong B.

Sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Maturitas. 103: 16-22Beaudart C Zaaria M Pasleau F Reginster JY Bruyere O.

Health outcomes of sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PLoS One. 12e0169548Zhang XM Dou QL Zeng Y Yang Y Cheng ASK Zhang WW.

Sarcopenia as a predictor of mortality in women with breast cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

BMC Cancer. 20: 172Zhang X Wang C Dou Q Zhang W Yang Y Xie X.

Sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among older nursing home residents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMJ Open. 8e021252Beaudart C McCloskey E Bruyere O Cesari M Rolland Y Rizzoli R et al.

Sarcopenia in daily practice: assessment and management.

BMC Geriatrics. 16: 170Jia S Qiao R Xiao Y Qin D Zhao W Zhao Y et al.

Prognostic value of sarcopenia in survivors of hematological malignances undergoing a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Support Care Cancer. Su H Ruan J Chen T Lin E Shi L.

CT-assessed sarcopenia is a predictive factor for both long-term and short-term outcomes in gastrointestinal oncology patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cancer Imaging. 19: 82Sim M Prince RL Scott D Daly RM Duque G Inderjeeth CA et al.

Sarcopenia definitions and their associations with mortality in older australian women.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 20 (): 76-82

Defining sarcopenia in terms of incident adverse outcomes.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 16: 247-252Dent E Martin FC Bergman H Woo J Romero-Ortuno R Walston JD.

Management of frailty: opportunities, challenges, and future directions.

Lancet (London, England). 394: 1376-1386Dennison EM Sayer AA Cooper C.

Epidemiology of sarcopenia and insight into possible therapeutic targets.

Nat Rev Rheumatol. 13: 340-347Steffl M Bohannon RW Sontakova L Tufano JJ Shiells K Holmerova I.

Relationship between sarcopenia and physical activity in older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Clin Interven Aging. 12: 835-845Beaudart C Dawson A Shaw SC Harvey NC Kanis JA Binkley N et al.

Nutrition and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia: systematic review.

Osteopor Int. 28: 1817-1833Tyrovolas S Koyanagi A Olaya B Ayuso-Mateos JL Miret M Chatterji S et al.

Factors associated with skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a multi-continent study.

J Cachexia, Sarcopenia Muscle. 7: 312-321Liu X Hao Q Yue J Hou L Xia X Zhao W et al.

Sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenia obesity in comparison: prevalence, metabolic profile, and key differences: results from WCHAT study.

J Nutr Health Aging. 24: 429-437Dent E Hoogendijk EO Visvanathan R Wright ORL.

Malnutrition screening and assessment in hospitalised older people: a review.

J Nutr Health Aging. 23: 431-441Chen LK Lee WJ Peng LN Liu LK Arai H Akishita M.

Recent advances in sarcopenia research in Asia: 2016 update from the asian working group for sarcopenia.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 17: 767.e1-767.e7

Anorexia of ageing: a key component in the pathogenesis of both sarcopenia and cachexia.

J Cachexia, Sarcopenia Muscle. 8: 523-526Dent E Hoogendijk EO Wright ORL.

New insights into the anorexia of ageing: from prevention to treatment.

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 22: 44-51Anker SD Morley JE von Haehling S.

Welcome to the ICD-10 code for sarcopenia.

J Cachexia, Sarcopenia Muscle. 7: 512-514Bauer J Morley JE Schols A Ferrucci L Cruz-Jentoft AJ Dent E et al.

Sarcopenia: a time for action. An SCWD position paper.

J Cachexia, Sarcopenia Muscle. 10: 956-961Mayhew AJ Amog K Phillips S Parise G McNicholas PD de Souza RJ et al.

The prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults, an exploration of differences between studies and within definitions: a systematic review and meta-analyses.

Age Ageing. 48: 48-56

Sarcopenia: prevalence, mechanisms, and functional consequences.

Interdiscip Top Gerontol. 37: 94-114Palus S Springer JI Doehner W von Haehling S Anker M Anker SD et al.

Models of sarcopenia: Short review.

Int J Cardiol. 238: 19-21

Sarcopenia in older adults.

J Clin Med. 8: 1844

Sarcopenia: origins and clinical relevance.

J Nutr. 127 ()Baumgartner RN Koehler KM Gallagher D Romero L Heymsfield SB Ross RR et al.

Epidemiology of sarcopenia among the elderly in New Mexico.

Am J Epidemiol. 147: 755-763Janssen I Heymsfield SB Ross R.

Low relative skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) in older persons is associated with functional impairment and physical disability.

J Am Geriatr Soc. 50: 889-896Langer HT Mossakowski AA Baar K Alcazar J Martin-Rincon M Alegre LM et al.

Commentaries on viewpoint: rejuvenation of the term sarcopenia.

J Appl Physiol (Bethesda, Md: 1985). 126: 257-262Batsis JA Mackenzie TA Barre LK Lopez-Jimenez F Bartels SJ.

Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity and mortality in older adults: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey III.

Eur J Clin Nutr. 68: 1001-1007Offord NJ Clegg A Turner G Dodds RM Sayer AA Witham MD.

Current practice in the diagnosis and management of sarcopenia and frailty - results from a UK-wide survey.

J Frail Sarcopenia Falls. 4: 71-77Arai H Wakabayashi H Yoshimura Y Yamada M Kim H Harada A.

Chapter 4 treatment of sarcopenia.

Geriatrics Gerontol Int. 18: 1-17Gilligan LA Towbin AJ Dillman JR Somasundaram E Trout AT.

Quantification of skeletal muscle mass: sarcopenia as a marker of overall health in children and adults.

Pediatr Radiol. 50: 455-464Kawaguchi Y Hanaoka J Ohshio Y Okamoto K Kaku R Hayashi K et al.

Sarcopenia predicts poor postoperative outcome in elderly patients with lung cancer.

General Thoracic Cardiovas Surg. 67: 949-954Cruz-Jentoft AJ Baeyens JP Bauer JM Boirie Y Cederholm T Landi F et al.

Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European working group on sarcopenia in older people.

Age Ageing. 39: 412-423Bianchi L Ferrucci L Cherubini A Maggio M Bandinelli S Savino E et al.

The predictive value of the EWGSOP definition of sarcopenia: results from the InCHIANTI study.

J Gerontol. 71: 259-264Bachettini NP Bielemann RM Barbosa-Silva TG Menezes AMB Tomasi E Gonzalez MC.

Sarcopenia as a mortality predictor in community-dwelling older adults: a comparison of the diagnostic criteria of the European working group on sarcopenia in older people.

Eur J Clin Nutr. 74: 573-580Sim M Prince RL Scott D Daly RM Duque G Inderjeeth CA et al.

Utility of four sarcopenia criteria for the prediction of falls-related hospitalization in older Australian women.

Osteopor Int. 30: 167-176Zhang X Zhang W Wang C Tao W Dou Q Yang Y.

Sarcopenia as a predictor of hospitalization among older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC Geriatrics. 18: 188Simonsen C de Heer P Bjerre ED Suetta C Hojman P Pedersen BK et al.

Sarcopenia and postoperative complication risk in gastrointestinal surgical oncology: a meta-analysis.

Ann Surg. 268Erős A Soós A Hegyi P Szakács Z Benke M Szűcs Á et al.

Sarcopenia as an independent predictor of the surgical outcomes of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis.

Surg Today. 50: 1138-1150Cruz-Jentoft AJ Bahat G Bauer J Boirie Y Bruyere O Cederholm T et al.

Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis.

Age Ageing. 48: 16-31Costanzo L De Vincentis A Di Iorio A Bandinelli S Ferrucci L Antonelli Incalzi R et al.

Impact of low muscle mass and low muscle strength according to EWGSOP2 and EWGSOP1 in community-dwelling older people.

J Gerontol Series A, Biol Sci Med Sci. 75: 1324-1330Reiss J Iglseder B Kreutzer M Weilbuchner I Treschnitzer W Kassmann H et al.

Case finding for sarcopenia in geriatric inpatients: performance of bioimpedance analysis in comparison to dual X-ray absorptiometry.

BMC Geriatrics. 16: 52Chen LK Liu LK Woo J Assantachai P Auyeung TW Bahyah KS et al.

Sarcopenia in Asia: consensus report of the Asian working group for sarcopenia.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 15: 95-101Chen LK Woo J Assantachai P Auyeung TW Chou MY Iijima K et al.

Asian working group for sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 21 (): 300-307Tabara Y Ikezoe T Setoh K Sugimoto K Kawaguchi T Kosugi S et al.

Comparison of diagnostic significance of the initial versus revised diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenia from the Asian working group for sarcopenia.

Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 89104071Studenski SA Peters KW Alley DE Cawthon PM McLean RR Harris TB et al.

The FNIH sarcopenia project: rationale, study description, conference recommendations, and final estimates.

J Gerontol Series A, Biol Sci Med Sci. 69: 547-558Dam TT Peters KW Fragala M Cawthon PM Harris TB McLean R et al.

An evidence-based comparison of operational criteria for the presence of sarcopenia.

J Gerontol Series A, Biol Sci Med Sci. 69: 584-590Bianchi L Maietti E Abete P Bellelli G Bo M Cherubini A et al.

Comparing EWGSOP2 and FNIH sarcopenia definitions: agreement and 3-year survival prognostic value in older hospitalized adults: the GLISTEN study.

J Gerontol. 75: 1331-1337Bhasin S Travison TG Manini TM Patel S Pencina KM Fielding RA et al.

Sarcopenia definition: the position statements of the sarcopenia definition and outcomes consortium.

J Am Geriatr Soc. 68: 1410-1418Deutz NEP Ashurst I Ballesteros MD Bear DE Cruz-Jentoft AJ Genton L et al.

The underappreciated role of low muscle mass in the management of malnutrition.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 20: 22-27Cruz-Jentoft AJ Landi F Schneider SM Zuniga C Arai H Boirie Y et al.

Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults: a systematic review. Report of the international sarcopenia initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS).

Age Ageing. 43: 748-759Zanker J Scott D Reijnierse EM Brennan-Olsen SL Daly RM Girgis CM et al.

Establishing an operational definition of sarcopenia in Australia and New Zealand: Delphi method based consensus statement.

J Nutr Health Aging. 23: 105-110

Editorial: body composition measurements in older adults.

Curre Opin Clin Nutr Metabol Care. 23: 1-3Dent E Morley JE Cruz-Jentoft AJ Arai H Kritchevsky SB Guralnik J et al.

International clinical practice guidelines for sarcopenia (ICFSR): screening, diagnosis and management.

J Nutr Health Aging. Addison O Marcus RL LaStayo PC Ryan AS.

Intermuscular fat: a review of the consequences and causes.

Int J Endocrinol. 2014309570Scott D Johansson J McMillan LB Ebeling PR Nordstrom A Nordstrom P.

Mid-calf skeletal muscle density and its associations with physical activity, bone health and incident 12-month falls in older adults: the healthy ageing initiative.

Bone. 120: 446-451Scott D Trbojevic T Skinner E Clark RA Levinger P Haines TP et al.

Associations of calf inter- and intra-muscular adipose tissue with cardiometabolic health and physical function in community-dwelling older adults.

J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 15: 350-357Buckinx F Landi F Cesari M Fielding RA Visser M Engelke K et al.

Pitfalls in the measurement of muscle mass: a need for a reference standard.

J Cachexia, Sarcopenia Muscle. 9: 269-278

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: gold standard for muscle mass?.

J Cachexia, Sarcopenia Muscle. 9: 786-787Marzetti E Calvani R Tosato M Cesari M Di Bari M Cherubini A et al.

Sarcopenia: an overview.

Aging Clin Exp Res. 29: 11-17Boutin RD Yao L Canter RJ Lenchik L.

Sarcopenia: current concepts and imaging implications.

AJR Am J Roentgenol. 205: W255-W266Ticinesi A Meschi T Narici MV Lauretani F Maggio M.

Muscle ultrasound and sarcopenia in older individuals: a clinical perspective.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 18: 290-300Di Vincenzo O Marra M Scalfi L.

Bioelectrical impedance phase angle in sport: a systematic review.

J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 16: 49Reiss J Iglseder B Kreutzer M Weilbuchner I Treschnitzer W Kässmann H et al.

Case finding for sarcopenia in geriatric inpatients: performance of bioimpedance analysis in comparison to dual X-ray absorptiometry.

BMC Geriatrics. 16: 52Shafiee G Keshtkar A Soltani A Ahadi Z Larijani B Heshmat R.

Prevalence of sarcopenia in the world: a systematic review and meta- analysis of general population studies.

J Diabetes Metabol Disorders. 16: 21Looijaard W Stapel SN Dekker IM Rusticus H Remmelzwaal S Girbes ARJ et al.

Identifying critically ill patients with low muscle mass: agreement between bioelectrical impedance analysis and computed tomography.

Clin Nutr. 39: 1809-1817Kilic MK Kizilarslanoglu MC Arik G Bolayir B Kara O Dogan Varan H et al.

Association of bioelectrical impedance analysis-derived phase angle and sarcopenia in older adults.

Nutr Clin Pract. 32: 103-109Kosoku A Uchida J Nishide S Kabei K Shimada H Iwai T et al.

Association of sarcopenia with phase angle and body mass index in kidney transplant recipients.

Sci Rep. 10: 266Matias CN Nunes CL Francisco S Tomeleri CM Cyrino ES Sardinha LB et al.

Phase angle predicts physical function in older adults.

Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 90104151Pessoa DF de Branco FMS Dos Reis AS Limirio LS Borges LP Barbosa CD et al.

Association of phase angle with sarcopenia and its components in physically active older women.

Aging Clin Exp Res. Velazquez-Alva MC Irigoyen Camacho ME Lazarevich I Delgadillo Velazquez J Acosta Dominguez P Zepeda Zepeda MA.

Comparison of the prevalence of sarcopenia using skeletal muscle mass index and calf circumference applying the European consensus definition in elderly Mexican women.

Geriatrics Gerontol Int. 17: 161-170Dent E Chapman I Piantadosi C Visvanathan R.

Nutritional screening tools and anthropometric measures associate with hospital discharge outcomes in older people.

Aus J Ageing. 34: E1-E6Clark RV Walker AC O'Connor-Semmes RL Leonard MS Miller RR Stimpson SA et al.

Total body skeletal muscle mass: estimation by creatine (methyl-d3) dilution in humans.

J Appl Physiol (Bethesda, Md: 1985). 116: 1605-1613Zanker J Patel S Blackwell T Duchowny K Brennan-Olsen S Cummings SR et al.

Walking speed and muscle mass estimated by the D(3)-creatine dilution method are important components of sarcopenia associated with incident mobility disability in older men: a classification and regression tree analysis.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 21 ()

Treatment of sarcopenia: the road to the future.

J Cachexia, Sarcopenia Muscle. 9: 1196-1199Akishita M Kozaki K Iijima K Tanaka T Shibasaki K Ogawa S et al.

Chapter 1 definitions and diagnosis of sarcopenia.

Geriatrics Gerontol Int. 18: 7-12Weng C-H Tien C-P Li C-I L'Heureux A Liu C-S Lin C-H et al.

Mid-upper arm circumference, calf circumference and mortality in Chinese long-term care facility residents: a prospective cohort study.

BMJ Open. 8e020485García-Peña C García-Fabela LC Gutiérrez-Robledo LM García-González JJ Arango-Lopera VE Pérez-Zepeda MU.

Handgrip strength predicts functional decline at discharge in hospitalized male elderly: a hospital cohort study.

PLoS One. 8: e69849Menant JC Weber F Lo J Sturnieks DL Close JC Sachdev PS et al.

Strength measures are better than muscle mass measures in predicting health-related outcomes in older people: time to abandon the term sarcopenia?.

Osteopor Int. 28: 59-70Yeung SSY Reijnierse EM Trappenburg MC Hogrel JY McPhee JS Piasecki M et al.

Handgrip strength cannot be assumed a proxy for overall muscle strength.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 19: 703-709Studenski S Perera S Patel K Rosano C Faulkner K Inzitari M et al.

Gait speed and survival in older adults.

JAMA. 305: 50-58Stanaway FF Gnjidic D Blyth FM Le Couteur DG Naganathan V Waite L et al.

How fast does the grim reaper walk? receiver operating characteristics curve analysis in healthy men aged 70 and over.

BMJ (Clin Res ed). 343: d7679Lyons JG Heeren T Stuver SO Fredman L.

Assessing the agreement between 3-meter and 6-meter walk tests in 136 community-dwelling older adults.

J Aging Health. 27: 594-605Guralnik JM Simonsick EM Ferrucci L Glynn RJ Berkman LF Blazer DG et al.

A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission.

J Gerontol. 49: M85-M94Pavasini R Guralnik J Brown JC di Bari M Cesari M Landi F et al.

Short physical performance battery and all-cause mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC Med. 14: 215Fortes-Filho SQ Aliberti MJR Apolinario D Melo-Fortes JA Sitta MC Jacob-Filho W et al.

Role of gait speed, strength, and balance in predicting adverse outcomes of acutely ill older outpatients..

J Nutr, Health Aging. 24: 113-118O'Hoski S Bean JF Ma J So HY Kuspinar A Richardson J et al.

Physical function and frailty for predicting adverse outcomes in older primary care patients.

Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 101: 592-598Pinheiro PA Carneiro JAO Coqueiro RS Pereira R Fernandes MH.

Chair stand testˮ as simple tool for sarcopenia screening in elderly women..

J Nutr Health Aging. 20: 56-59Podsiadlo D Richardson S.

The timed “up & go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons.

J Am Geriatr Soc. 39: 142-148Chua KY Lim WS Lin X Yuan JM Koh W-P.

Handgrip strength and timed up-and-go (TUG) test are predictors of short-term mortality among elderly in a population-based cohort in Singapore.

J Nutr Health Aging. 24: 371-378

SARC-F: a simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 14: 531-532

SARC-F for screening of sarcopenia among older adults: a meta-analysis of screening test accuracy.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. Kemmler W Sieber C Freiberger E Stengel von The S. Questionnaire SARC-F

Diagnostic overlap with established sarcopenia definitions in older german men with sarcopenia.

Gerontology. 63: 411-416Malmstrom TK Miller DK Simonsick EM Ferrucci L Morley JE.

SARC-F: a symptom score to predict persons with sarcopenia at risk for poor functional outcomes.

J Cachexia, Sarcopenia Muscle. 7: 28-36

Frailty and sarcopenia in elderly.

Wien Klin Wochenschr. 128: 439-445Bahat G Yilmaz O Kılıç C Oren MM Karan MA.

Performance of SARC-F in regard to sarcopenia definitions, muscle mass and functional measures.

J Nutr Health Aging. 22: 898-903Kera T Kawai H Hirano H Kojima M Watanabe Y Motokawa K et al.

SARC-F: a validation study with community-dwelling older Japanese adults.

Geriatrics Gerontol Int. 19: 1172-1178

A 3-Item SARC-F.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 19: 223-228Thacker S Skelton M Harwood R.

Psychiatry and the geriatric syndromes – creating constructive interfaces.

BJPsych Bulletin. 41: 71-75Li M Kong Y Chen H Chu A Song G Cui Y.

Accuracy and prognostic ability of the SARC-F questionnaire and Ishii's score in the screening of sarcopenia in geriatric inpatients.

Br J Med Biol Res = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas. 52