Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) subdivided into two types: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Both have a chronic and recurrent pattern of involvement with periods of remission and exacerbation.1 Currently, the etiology of IBD is thought to be multifactorial, including genetic, environmental, immunological and microbiological variables, that may determine the onset and progression of disease activity.2, 3

It is well documented that chronic illnesses are related to greater psychological stress, depression and anxiety.2 Thus, the influence of neuropsychological factors on the development of IBD and the negative impact of these conditions on the course of the disease have been studied.3 Several mechanisms have been put forward to elucidate this relationship, among them psycho-neuro-endocrine factors, such as disturbances in the brain–gut axis,2, 3 and clinical aspects related to IBD complications, which can lead patients to develop an impaired body image and a poorer social and interpersonal functioning.4 However, the impact of psychiatric conditions on the onset of IBD is still not well understood,3 its temporality of onset in relation to IBD is still controversial.5

The high prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety disorders in IBD patients has shown that their clinical consequences result in a reduction in the patient's quality of life.6 This interaction may also be responsible for low adherence to treatment,7 and for a considerable portion of the functional8 limitations acquired by these patients.

Given the interaction between mental disorders and the worsening of an individual's state of health, it is crucial to identify neuropsychological variables at an early stage in order provide an appropriate approach and clinical intervention of neuropsychological variables, looking at the improvement of quality of life and health of IBD patients.2 This article aims to analyze the impact of anxiety and depression on the quality of life of IBD patients treated at a referral center.