The Effects of Cenobamate and Its Dosage on Cognition: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study in 84 Individuals with Epilepsy

Witt J-A, Helmstaedter C. How can we overcome neuropsychological adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs? Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2017;18:1–4.

Article  Google Scholar 

Bootsma HP, Ricker L, Hekster YA, Hulsman J, Lambrechts D, Majoie M, et al. The impact of side effects on long-term retention in three new antiepileptic drugs. Seizure. 2009;18:327–31.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gilliam FG, Fessler AJ, Baker G, Vahle V, Carter J, Attarian H. Systematic screening allows reduction of adverse antiepileptic drug effects: a randomized trial. Neurology. 2004;62:23–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Witt J-A, Elger CE, Helmstaedter C. Which drug-induced side effects would be tolerated in the prospect of seizure control? Epilepsy Behav. 2013;29:141–3.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Eddy CM, Rickards HE, Cavanna AE. The cognitive impact of antiepileptic drugs. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2011;4:385–407.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Loring DW, Marino S, Meador KJ. Neuropsychological and behavioral effects of antiepilepsy drugs. Neuropsychol Rev. 2007;17:413–25.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Helmstaedter C, Elger CE, Witt JA. The effect of quantitative and qualitative antiepileptic drug changes on cognitive recovery after epilepsy surgery. Seizure. 2016;36:63–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Witt J-A, Elger CE, Helmstaedter C. Adverse cognitive effects of antiepileptic pharmacotherapy: each additional drug matters. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;25:1954–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Roberti R, De Caro C, Iannone LF, Zaccara G, Lattanzi S, Russo E. Pharmacology of cenobamate: mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, drug-drug interactions and tolerability. CNS Drugs. 2021;35:609–18.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chung SS, French JA, Kowalski J, Krauss GL, Lee SK, Maciejowski M, et al. Randomized phase 2 study of adjunctive cenobamate in patients with uncontrolled focal seizures. Neurology. 2020;94:e2311–22.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Makridis KL, Kaindl AM. Real-world experience with cenobamate: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Seizure. 2023;112:1–10.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Badr M, Helmstaedter C, Moskau-Hartmann S, Pukropski J, Witt J, Rüber T, et al. Cenobamate in real-word scenario: results on efficacy, side effects, and retention rate in a single center retrospective study. Brain Behav. 2025;15: e70567.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lattanzi S, Trinka E, Zaccara G, Striano P, Del Giovane C, Silvestrini M, et al. Adjunctive cenobamate for focal-onset seizures in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CNS Drugs. 2020;34:1105–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Krauss GL, Chung SS, Ferrari L, Stern S, Rosenfeld WE. Cognitive and psychiatric adverse events during adjunctive cenobamate treatment in phase 2 and phase 3 clinical studies. Epilepsy Behav. 2024;151: 109605.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schuetz E, Wagner K, Metternich B, Papadopoulou G, Kravalis K, Heers M, et al. Effects of cenobamate on cognitive performance of epilepsy patients. Seizure. 2022;102:129–33.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Catalán‐Aguilar J, Hampel KG, Cano‐López I, Garcés M, Lozano‐García A, Tormos‐Pons P, et al. Prospective study of cenobamate on cognition, affectivity and quality of life in focal epilepsy. Epilepsia Open. 2024;9:223–35.

Serrano-Castro PJ, Ramírez-García T, Cabezudo-Garcia P, Garcia-Martin G, De La Parra J. Effect of cenobamate on cognition in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy with focal onset seizures: an exploratory study. CNS Drugs. 2024;38:141–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Witt J-A, Moskau-Hartmann S, Olaciregui Dague K, Surges R, Helmstaedter C. Severe memory decline along with unaffected executive functions under 400 mg/day of cenobamate leading to a collapse in school performance. Neurocase. 2024;30:91–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Song WS, Cho YS, Oh SP, Yoon SH, Kim YS, Kim MH. Cognitive and behavioral effects of the anti-epileptic drug cenobamate (YKP3089) and underlying synaptic and cellular mechanisms. Neuropharmacology. 2022;221: 109292.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Helmstaedter C. EpiTrack®—Veränderungssensitives kognitives Screening zur Beurteilung der Aufmerksamkeit und der Exekutivfunktionen für die Qualitäts- und Ergebniskontrolle der Behandlung von Patienten mit Epilepsie. Frankfurt: Eisai GmbH; 2019. Available from: https://www.eisai.de/fachkreise/neurologie/service/#EpiTrack.

Witt J-A, Helmstaedter C. Monitoring the cognitive effects of antiepileptic pharmacotherapy—approaching the individual patient. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;26:450–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lutz MT, Helmstaedter C. EpiTrack: tracking cognitive side effects of medication on attention and executive functions in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2005;7:708–14.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Helmstaedter C, Witt J-A. The effects of levetiracetam on cognition: a non-interventional surveillance study. Epilepsy Behav. 2008;13:642–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Helmstaedter C, Witt J-A. Cognitive outcome of antiepileptic treatment with levetiracetam versus carbamazepine monotherapy: a non-interventional surveillance trial. Epilepsy Behav. 2010;18:74–80.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Helmstaedter C, Witt J-A. The longer-term cognitive effects of adjunctive antiepileptic treatment with lacosamide in comparison with lamotrigine and topiramate in a naturalistic outpatient setting. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;26:182–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Meschede C, Witt JA, Brömling S, Moskau-Hartmann S, Rademacher M, Surges R, et al. Changes in cognition after introduction or withdrawal of zonisamide versus topiramate in epilepsy patients: a retrospective study using Bayes statistics. Epilepsia. 2020;61:1481–90.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Meschede C, Witt J, Rademacher M, Wrede RDV, Elger CE, Helmstaedter C. Evaluating the longer-term cognitive effects of adjunctive perampanel compared to lacosamide in a naturalistic outpatient setting. Seizure Eur J Epilepsy. 2018;58:141–6.

Article  Google Scholar 

Witt J-A, Elger CE, Helmstaedter C. Short-term and longer-term effects of brivaracetam on cognition and behavior in a naturalistic clinical setting—preliminary data. Seizure. 2018;62:49–54.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Witt J-A, Widman G, Hansen N, von Wrede R, Elger CE, Helmstaedter C. Evaluation of a rapid topiramate titration scheme for the early detection of cognitive side effects. CNS Drugs. 2022;36:1325-30.

Helmstaedter C, Lendt M, Lux S. VLMT Verbaler Lern- und Merkfähigkeitstest. Göttingen: Beltz Test GmbH; 2001.

Google Scholar 

Rey A. L’examen clinique en psychologie. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France; 1964.

Google Scholar 

Witt J-A, Helmstaedter C. Neuropsychologie bei Epilepsie Teil II: Gibt es eine gemeinsame Basis zur Etablierung diagnostischer Leitlinien? Fortschritte der Neurologie Psychiatrie. 2009;77:691–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gleissner U, Helmstaedter C, Schramm J, Elger CE. Memory outcome after selective amygdalohippocampectomy in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy: one-year follow-up. Epilepsia. 2004;45:960–2.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zentner J, Wolf HK, Helmstaedter C, Grunwald T, Aliashkevich AF, Wiestler OD, et al. Clinical relevance of amygdala sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neurosurg. 1999;91:59–67.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Helmstaedter C, Elger ICE, Hufnagel IA, Zentner J, Schramm J. Different effects of left anterior temporal lobectomy, selective amygdalohippocampectomy, and temporal cortical lesionectomy on verbal learning, memory, and recognition.pdf. J Epilepsy. 1996;9:39–45.

Article  Google Scholar 

Witt J-A, Coras R, Schramm J, Becker AJ, Elger CE, Blümcke I, et al. The overall pathological status of the left hippocampus determines preoperative verbal memory performance in left mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Hippocampus. 2014;24:446–54.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Helmstaedter C, Pohl C, Hufnagel A, Elger CE. Visual learning deficits in nonresected patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy. Cortex. 1991;27:547–55.

Comments (0)

No login
gif