Psychological Readiness, Injury-Related Fear, and Persistent Knee Symptoms After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are highly prevalent among physically active individuals. Although patients often undergo successful surgical reconstruction, many experience psychological challenges that influence recovery and return to sport.

Objective This study aimed to assess psychological readiness and injury-related fear among individuals who underwent ACL reconstruction.

Study Design Cross-sectional study

Methods We distributed a structured, self-administered electronic questionnaire to 96 participants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We measured psychological readiness using the ACL Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) scale and assessed fear of reinjury using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11).

Results Participants reported moderate psychological readiness (ACL-RSI: Mean = 47, SD = 18) and kinesiophobia (TSK-11: Mean = 27, SD = 6). Participants over 40 years old demonstrated significantly lower readiness scores and higher levels of kinesiophobia than younger groups.

Conclusion Psychological readiness and injury-related fear are critical components of recovery after ACL reconstruction. Rehabilitation programs should address both physical and psychological dimensions to improve patient outcomes. Future research should explore the effectiveness of targeted psychological interventions in ACL recovery.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Funding Statement

This study did not receive any funding

Author Declarations

I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.

Yes

The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University.

I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.

Yes

I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).

Yes

I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.

Yes

Footnotes

tfalqahtaniimamu.edu.sa1, tariqyo9gmail.com2, Moh536hotmail.com3, f.n.m.2000hotmail.com4, Alhejji909gmail.com5, aalrabiah88gmail.com6

Data Availability

All data produced in the present work are contained in the manuscript

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