Digital interventions reshape mental health care with both promise and challenges.

AI, wearables, and VR expand diagnostic and treatment possibilities in psychiatry.

Ethical concerns include data privacy, transparency, and regulatory oversight.

The TEQUILA framework outlines key factors for responsible digital mental health.

As e-health offerings rapidly expand, they are transforming and challenging traditional mental health care systems globally, presenting both promising opportunities and significant risks. This article critically examines the potential and pitfalls of integrating digital technologies into mental health care, particularly in the realms of diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. It explores current advancements and evidence-based practices, and provides a vision for how future technologies can evolve responsibly to meet mental health needs. The article concludes with the TEQUILA framework, addressing essential elements and challenges for fostering a beneficial and ethical future. A responsible future for digital mental health requires building Trust by ensuring data privacy, security, and transparency in AI-driven decisions, along with Evidence-based and robust regulatory oversight to maintain Quality. Usability, design, usability tailored to diverse needs, and ethical alignment with users' Interests will all be essential, while Liability and Accreditation standards will safeguard accountability in this evolving landscape.

Digital mental health

Treatment and prevention

Implementation

Artificial intelligence

Future perspective

© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.