Wakabayashi G, Iwashita Y, Hibi T, Takada T, Strasberg SM, Asbun HJ, et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: surgical management of acute cholecystitis: safe steps in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25:73–86.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Törnqvist B, Zheng Z, Ye W, Waage A, Nilsson M. Long-term effects of iatrogenic bile duct injury during cholecystectomy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;7(9):1013–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Törnqvist B, Waage A, Zheng Z, Ye W, Nilsson M. Severity of acute cholecystitis and risk of iatrogenic bile duct injury during cholecystectomy, a population-based case-ontrol study. World J Surg. 2016;40:1060–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nzenwa IC, Mesri M, Lunevicius R. Risks associated with subtotal cholecystectomy and the factors influencing them: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 85 studies published between 1985 and 2020. Surgery. 2021;170:1014–23.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu CL, Fan ST, Lai EC, Lo CM, Chu KM. Factors affecting conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery. Arch Surg. 1996;131:98–101.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kama NA, Doganay M, Dolapci M, Reis E, Atli M, Kologlu M. Risk factors resulting in conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery. Surg Endosc. 2001;15(9):965–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kama NA, Kologlu M, Doganay M, Reis E, Atli M, Dolapci M. A risk score for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy. Am J Surg. 2001;181:520–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bourgouin S, Mancini J, Monchal T, Calvary R, Bordes J, Balandraud P. How to predict difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy? Proposal for a simple preoperative scoring system. Am J Surg. 2016;212:873–81.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Philip Rothman J, Burcharth J, Pommergaard HC, Viereck S, Rosenberg J. Preoperative risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery-A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Dig Surg. 2016;33:414–23.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nassar AHM, Hodson J, Ng HJ, Vohra RS, Katbeh T, Zino S, et al. Predicting the difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy: development and validation of a pre-operative risk score using an objective operative difficulty grading system. Surg Endosc. 2020;34:4549–61.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ishizaki Y, Miwa K, Yoshimoto J, Sugo H, Kawasaki S. Conversion of elective laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy between 1993 and 2004. Br J Surg. 2006;93:987–91.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sabour AF, Matsushima K, Love BE, Alicuben ET, Schellenberg MA, Inaba K, et al. Nationwide trends in the use of subtotal cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Surgery. 2020;167:569–74.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

LeCompte MT, Robbins KJ, Williams GA, Sanford DE, Hammill CW, Fields RC, et al. Less is more in the difficult gallbladder: recent evolution of subtotal cholecystectomy in a single HPB unit. Surg Endosc. 2021;35:3249–57.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Strasberg SM, Pucci MJ, Brunt LM, Deziel DJ. Subtotal Cholecystectomy-"Fenestrating" vs “reconstituting” subtypes and the prevention of bile duct injury: Definition of the optimal procedure in difficult operative conditions. J Am Coll Surg. 2016;222:89–96.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pucher PH, Brunt LM, Davies N, Linsk A, Munshi A, Rodriguez HA, et al. Outcome trends and safety measures after 30 years of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review and pooled data analysis. Surg Endosc. 2018;32:2175–83.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nakajima J, Sasaki A, Obuchi T, Baba S, Nitta H, Wakabayashi G. Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy for severe cholecystitis. Surg Today. 2009;39:870–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Strasberg SM, Gouma DJ. “Extreme” vasculobiliary injuries: association with fundus-down cholecystectomy in severely inflamed gallbladders. HPB (Oxford). 2012;14:1–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Matsumoto M, Abe K, Futagawa Y, Furukawa K, Haruki K, Onda S, et al. New scoring system for prediction of surgical difficulty during laparoscopic cholecystectomy after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage. Ann Gastroenterol Surg. 2022;6:296–306.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yoshida MC, Ogami T, Ho K, Bui EX, Khedr S, Chen CC. Patient and surgeon factors contributing to bailout cholecystectomies: a single-institutional retrospective analysis. Surg Endosc. 2022;36:6696–704.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Calkins B, Chininis J, Williams GA, Sanford DE, Hammill CW. Development of a novel intraoperative difficulty score for minimally invasive cholecystectomy. HPB (Oxford). 2021;23:1025–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nassar AHM, Zanati HE, Ng HJ, Khan KS, Wood C. Open conversion in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and bile duct exploration: subspecialisation safely reduces the conversion rates. Surg Endosc. 2022;36:550–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar