Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2022, 166(3):251-257 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2022.027

Jan Lestaka, Jiri Chodb, Jozef Rosinaa, Karel Hanaa a Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic b Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the replacements used in lost vision in the form of the bionic eye, to show their deficiencies and outline other possibilities for non-invasive stimulation of functional areas of the visual cortex. The review highlights the damage not only to the primary altered cellular structures, but also to all other horizontally and vertically localised structures. Based on the results of a large number of functional magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiological methods, the authors focus on the pathology of the entire visual pathway in pigmentary retinopathy (PR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This study provides a recent overview of the possible systems used to replace lost vision. These range from stimulation with intraocular implants, through stimulation of the optic nerve and lateral geniculate nucleus to the visual cortex. The second part deals with the design of image processing technology and its transformation into the form of transcranial stimulation of undamaged parts of the brain, which is protected by a patent. This is comprehensive overview of the current possibilities of replacement of lost vision and a proposal for a new non-invasive methods of stimulation of functional neurons of the visual cortex.

Keywords: functional magnetic resonance imaging, electrophysiological methods, pigmentary retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, visual neuroprosthesis

Lestak, J., Chod, J., Rosina, J., & Hana, K. (2022). Visual neuroprosthesis: present and future perspectives. Biomedical Papers,166(3),251-257. doi:10.5507/bp.2022.027

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.