Harris H.E. Andersson U. Pisetsky D.S.

HMGB1: a multifunctional alarmin driving autoimmune and inflammatory disease.

Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. 8: 195-202

HMGB1 is a therapeutic target for sterile inflammation and infection.

Annu. Rev. Immunol. 29: 139-162

The role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Mol. Med. 20: 138-146

JAK/STAT1 signaling promotes HMGB1 hyperacetylation and nuclear translocation.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 111: 3068-3073

Cleavage of HMGB1 by Proteolytic Enzymes Associated with Inflammatory Conditions.

Front. Immunol. 11448262

Mutually exclusive redox forms of HMGB1 promote cell recruitment or proinflammatory cytokine release.

J. Exp. Med. 209: 1519-1528

Induction of immunological tolerance by apoptotic cells requires caspase-dependent oxidation of high-mobility group box-1 protein.

Immunity. 29: 21-32

Netting neutrophils are major inducers of type I IFN production in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus.

Sci. Transl. Med. 3

HMGB1 promotes neutrophil extracellular trap formation through interactions with Toll-like receptor 4.

Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 304: L342-L349

HMGB1-Mediated Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Exacerbates Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Lung Injury.

J. Immunol. 208: 968-978

Platelet-derived HMGB1 is a critical mediator of thrombosis.

J. Clin. Invest. 125: 4638-4654

Deep vein thrombosis in mice is regulated by platelet HMGB1 through release of neutrophil-extracellular traps and DNA.

Sci. Rep. 8: 2068

RAGE is the major receptor for the proinflammatory activity of HMGB1 in rodent macrophages.

Scand. J. Immunol. 61: 1-9

MD-2 is required for disulfide HMGB1-dependent TLR4 signaling.

J. Exp. Med. 212: 5-14

HMGB1 promotes recruitment of inflammatory cells to damaged tissues by forming a complex with CXCL12 and signaling via CXCR4.

J. Exp. Med. 209: 551-563

High mobility group box 1 orchestrates tissue regeneration via CXCR4.

J. Exp. Med. 215: 303-318

Tumor-infiltrating DCs suppress nucleic acid-mediated innate immune responses through interactions between the receptor TIM-3 and the alarmin HMGB1.

Nat. Immunol. 13: 832-842

Targeting Tim-3 and PD-1 pathways to reverse T cell exhaustion and restore anti-tumor immunity.

J. Exp. Med. 207: 2187-2194

Enhanced HMGB1 expression may contribute to Th17 cells activation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Clin. Dev. Immunol. 2012

Foxp3+ regulatory T cells of psoriasis patients easily differentiate into IL-17A-producing cells and are found in lesional skin.

J. Invest. Dermatol. 131: 1853-1860

High mobility group box 1 is increased in the sera of psoriatic patients with disease progression.

J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 30: 435-441

Increased HMGB1 serum levels and altered HMGB1 expression in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.

Arch. Dermatol. Res. 305: 263-267Kamel M. Hassan E. Sobhy M. El Sayes M.I.

Role of high-mobility group box-1 as a marker of disease severity and diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in psoriatic patients.

Egypt. J. Dermatology Venerol. 37: 69

Increased dermal expression of chromatin-associated protein HMGB1 and concomitant T-cell expression of the DNA RAGE in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.

Psoriasis (Auckland, N.Z.). 9: 7-17

Involvement of high mobility group box-1 in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice model.

J. Dermatol. 44: 573-581

Proinflammatory effect of high-mobility group protein B1 on keratinocytes: an autocrine mechanism underlying psoriasis development.

J. Pathol. 241: 392-404

Autophagy-based unconventional secretion of HMGB1 by keratinocytes plays a pivotal role in psoriatic skin inflammation.

Autophagy. 17: 529-552Watanabe T. Yamaguchi Y. Watanabe Y. Takamura N. Aihara M.

Increased level of high mobility group box 1 in the serum and skin in patients with generalized pustular psoriasis.

J. Dermatol. 47: 1033-1036

The ‘Alarmins’ HMBG1 and IL-33 Downregulate Structural Skin Barrier Proteins and Impair Epidermal Growth.

Acta Derm. Venereol. 97: 305-312

HMGB1 levels in children with atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS).

Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 27: 99-102

Activation of the HMGB1–TLR4–NF‑κB pathway may occur in patients with atopic eczema.

Mol. Med. Rep. 16: 2714-2720Wang Y. Zhang Y. Peng G. Han X.

Glycyrrhizin ameliorates atopic dermatitis-like symptoms through inhibition of HMGB1.

Int. Immunopharmacol. 60: 9-17

Modulation of HMGB1 translocation and RAGE/NFκB cascade by quercetin treatment mitigates atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga transgenic mice.

Exp. Dermatol. 24: 418-423

HMGB1-mediated chromatin remodeling attenuates Il24 gene expression for the protection from allergic contact dermatitis.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 118Salem R.M. El-Fallah A.A. Shaker R.

HMGB1-RAGE-moesin axis may be indicted for acne vulgaris.

J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 21

The Epidemiology of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in the UK.

J. Invest. Dermatol. 137: 1240-1247

High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) as a novel diagnostic tool for toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Arch. Dermatol. 147: 1110-1112

Serum and blister-fluid elevation and decreased epidermal content of high-mobility group box 1 protein in drug-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Br. J. Dermatol. 181: 166-174Kim J.Y. Lee E.J. Seo J. Oh S.H.

Impact of high-mobility group box 1 on melanocytic survival and its involvement in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.

Br. J. Dermatol. 176: 1558-1568Park S. Lee E.J. Kim J.Y. Bae Y.J. Oh S.H.

Blood high mobility group box 1 levels are not a suitable biomarker for disease activity or severity in nonsegmental vitiligo.

Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 46: 1597-1599

Clinical significance of serum high-mobility group box 1 level in alopecia areata.

J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 69: 742-747Hwang J.-H. Chu H. Ahn Y. Kim J. Kim D.-Y.

HMGB1 promotes hair growth via the modulation of prostaglandin metabolism.

Sci. Rep. 9: 6660

Early release of high mobility group box nuclear protein 1 after severe trauma in humans: role of injury severity and tissue hypoperfusion.

Crit. Care. 13: R174

High mobility group box 1 protein, a cue for stem cell recruitment.

Biochem. Pharmacol. 68: 1165-1170

Serum levels of high mobility group box 1 correlate with disease severity in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.

Exp. Dermatol. 22: 433-435

PDGFRalpha-positive cells in bone marrow are mobilized by high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) to regenerate injured epithelia.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 108: 6609-6614Li J.-Y. Lu Y.-H. Zhang L.-W. Zhou P.-M. Chen T.

Increased Serum High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Concentration and the Altered Expression of HMGB1 and Its Receptor Advanced Glycation Endproducts in Pemphigus.

Ann. Dermatol. 29: 121-123

Increased serum HMGB1 levels in patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

Exp. Dermatol. 23: 419-423

The Anti-inflammatory Effects of HMGB1 Blockades in a Mouse Model of Cutaneous Vasculitis.

Front. Immunol. 11: 2032

Rebalancing expression of HMGB1 redox isoforms to counteract muscular dystrophy.

Sci. Transl. Med. 13