1. Thigpen, MC, Whitney, CG, Messonier, NE, et al. Bacterial meningitis in the United States, 1998-2007. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(21):2016–2025.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI2. Hsu, HE, Shutt, KA, Moore, MR, et al. Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal meningitis. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(3):244–256.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI3. Brouwer, MC, Tunkel, AR, van de Beek, D. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and antimicrobial treatment of acute bacterial meningitis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2010;23(3):467–492.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline4. Glimaker, M, Johansson, B, Grindborg, O, Bottai, M, Lindquist, L, Sjolin, J. Adult bacterial meningitis: earlier treatment and improved outcome following guideline revision promoting prompt lumbar puncture. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;60(8):1162–1169.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline5. Cohn, AC, MacNeil, JR, Harrison, LH, et al. Changes in Neisseria meningitidis disease epidemiology in the United States, 1998-2007: implications for prevention of meningococcal disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50(2):184–191.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline6. World Health Organization (WHO) . Meningococcal meningitis; fact sheet 2017. 2017. Updated December 2017. Accessed April 20, 2019. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs141/en/
Google Scholar7. Oordt-Speets, AM, Bolijn, R, van Hoorn, RC, Bhavsar, A, Kyaw, MH. Global etiology of bacterial meningitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2018;13(6):e0198772. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198772
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline8. Auburtin, M, Wolff, M, Charpentier, J, Varon, E, et al. Detrimental role of delayed antibiotic administration and penicillin-nonsusceptible strains in adult intensive care unit patients with pneumococcal meningitis: the PNEUMOREA prospective multicenter study. Crit Care Med. 2006;34(11):2758–2765.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline9. Proulx, N, Fréchette, D, Toye, B, Chan, J, Kravcik, S. Delays in the administration of antibiotics are associated with mortality from adult acute bacterial meningitis. QJM. 2005;98(4):291–298.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline10. RStudio Team . RStudio: Integrated Development for R 2015. RStudio Inc.; 2015.
Google Scholar11. SAS Institute Inc . SAS. 2013.
Google Scholar12. van de Beek, D, de Gans, J, Tunkel, AR, Wijdicks, EF. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(1):44–53.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline13. Zoons, E, Weisfelt, M, de Gans, J, et al. Seizures in adults with bacterial meningitis. Neurology. 2008;70(22 Pt 2):2109–2115.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline14. Worsoe, L, Caye-Thomasen, P, Brandt, CT, Thomsen, J, Ostergaard, C. Factors associated with the occurrence of hearing loss after pneumococcal meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51(8):917–924.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline15. Bodilsen, J, Dalager-Pedersen, M, Schonheyder, HC, Nielsen, H. Time to antibiotic therapy and outcome in bacterial meningitis; a Danish population-based cohort study. BMC Infect Dis. 2016;16(1):392. doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1711-z
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline