K Fife is affiliated with the Urological Malignancies Programme, CRUK Cambridge Centre. She has received advisory, consultancy or speaker fees from ESAI, Ipsen, Roche, Novartis, Merck, Pfizer, Eusa, BMS and Sanofi; conference support from Novartis, Ipsen and EUSA; and Institutional research funding from Roche, Merck and Exelixis. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.