Accepted: June 17, 2021

Received in revised form: May 11, 2021

Received: January 7, 2021

Funding Source:

Research reported in this publication was supported by:

• The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) under award number K08NS092898, Jordan’s Angels and the Brotman Baty Institute (to G.M.M.)

• The Pediatric Dermatology Research Alliance (PeDRA) (to B.A.D.)

These funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, manuscript preparation, or publication decisions.

IRB Approval # For Patient 1: University of Wisconsin-Madison 2019-0931

IRB Approval # For Patients 2 & 3: Seattle Children’s PIROSTUDY13291

Conflicts of Interest and Relevant Disclosures:

• M.C.Garzon: Investigator NCT02913612 Pediatric Trials Network-NIH Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Topical Timolol in Infants with Infantile Hemangioma (IH) (TIM01)

• I.J. Frieden: Member of Venthera Medical Advisory Board, Pfizer (Data Safety Monitoring Board), Novartis (Consultant), and investigator NCT02913612 Pediatric Trials Network-NIH Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Topical Timolol in Infants with Infantile Hemangioma (IH) (TIM01).

• R. Saneto: Investigator 5R01 NS092772-02

• B.A. Drolet: Reports an investigator-initiated trial funded by Pierre Fabre, Venthera consultant and medical advisory, and founder of Peds Derm Development, LLC., Investigator NCT02913612 Pediatric Trials Network-NIH Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Topical Timolol in Infants with Infantile Hemangioma (IH) (TIM01)

• All other authors, none declared

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.06.877

© 2021 Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American Academy of Dermatology, Inc.