Bull MJ (2020) Down syndrome. N Engl J Med 382:2344–2352. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmra1706537

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hasegawa N, Oshima M, Kawakami H, Hirano H (1990) Changes in pulmonary tissue of patients with congenital heart disease and down syndrome: a morphological and histological study. Acta Paediatr Jpn 32:60–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1990.tb00785.x

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Van de Bruarne A, Delcroix M, Pasquet A, De Backer J, De Pauw M, Naeije R et al (2009) The Belgian eisenmenger syndrome registry: implications for treatment strategies? Acta Cardiol 64:447–453. https://doi.org/10.2143/ac.64.4.2041608

Article  Google Scholar 

Benitz WE; Committee on Fetus and Newborn, American Academy of Pediatrics. (2016) Patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. Pediatrics 137: e20153730. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-3730

Nobile S, Marchionni P, Carnielli VP (2017) Neonatal outcome of small for gestational age preterm infants. Eur J Pediatr 178:1083–1088. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-017-2957-1

Article  Google Scholar 

Schneider DJ (2012) The patent ductus arteriosus in term infants, children, and adults. Semin Perinatol 26:146–153. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semperi.2011.09.025

Article  Google Scholar 

Ryu YH, Oh S, Sohn J, Lee J (2019) The associations between antenatal corticosteroids and in-hospital outcomes of preterm singleton appropriate for gestational age neonates according to the presence of maternal histologic chorioamnionitis. Neonatology 116:369–375. https://doi.org/10.1159/000502650

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lakshminrusimha S (2021) Neonatal and postneonatal pulmonary hypertension. Children (Basel) 11:131. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8020131

Article  Google Scholar 

Noori S, Patel D, Friedlich P, Siassi B, Seri I, Ramanathan R (2009) Effects of low oxygen saturation limits on the ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants. J Perinatol 29:553–557. https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2009.60

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Joye S, McNamara PJ, Giesinger RE, Tolsa JF, Sekarski N (2021) Assosiation of hemoglobin and spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus during the transitional period in very low birth weight infants. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 14:493–502. https://doi.org/10.3233/npm-200518

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rehman Y, Wazir HD, Akbar A, Khan AM, Hussain I, Afridi A et al (2022) Congenital heart disease and its association in children with down syndrome. Cureus 14:e29176. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29176

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ramirez-Suarez KI, Tierradentro-Garcia LO, Biko DM, Otero HJ, White AM, Dori Y, Smith CL, Vatsky S, Rapp JB (2022) Lymphatic anomalies in congenital heart disease. Pediatr Radiol 52:1862–1876. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-022-05449-w

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Olgun H, Karacan M, Caner I, Oral A, Ceviz N (2009) Congenital cardiac malformations in neonates with apparently isolated gastrointestinal malformations. Pediatr Int 51:260–262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.2008.02711.x

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Guarnieri GF, Laforgia N, Mautone A, Balducci G (2008) Delayed closure of the ductus arteriosus in term newborns with congenital hypothyroidism: effect of L-thyroxine therapy. Pediatr Cardiol 29:183–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-007-9091-1

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bergström S, Carr H, Petersson G, Stephansson O, Bonamy AK, Dahlström A et al (2016) Trends in congenital heart defects in infants with down syndrome. Pediatrics 138:e20160123. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-0123

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Haider A, Khan S, Tafweez R, Yaqoob M. (2024) Gender and its association with cardiac defects in down syndrome population at Children Hospital & Institute of Child Health Lahore Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci 40: 371–375. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7346

Ghmaird A, Alrashidi TN, Alqahtani YS, Alanazi AH, Alaenzi YA, Almohammadi AM et al (2020) Types and distribution of congenital heart defects in pediatric patients with down’s syndrome: a retrospective study. Cureus 12:e11133. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.11133

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nagasawa H, Hamada C, Wakabayashi M, Nakagawa Y, Nomura S, Kohno Y (2016) Time to spontaneous ductus arteriosus closure in full-term neonates. Open heart 3:e000413. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2016-000413

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Stoll C, Dott B, Alembik Y, Roth MP (2015) Associated congenital anomalies among cases with down syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 58:672–680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2015.11.003

Article  Google Scholar 

Hoffman JI, Kaplan S (2002) The incidence of congenital heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 39:1890–1900. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(02)01886-7

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Reller MD, Strickland MJ, Riehle-Colarusso T, Mahle WT, Correa A (2008) Prevalence of congenital heart defects in metropolitan Atlanta, 1998–2005. J Pediatr 153:807–813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.05.059

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McCarthy JS, Zies LG, Gelband H (1978) Age-dependent closure of the patent ductus arteriosus by indomethacin. Pediatrics 62:706–712

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Inomata K, Taniguchi S, Yonemoto H, Inoue T, Kawase A, Kondo Y (2016) Lower early postnatal oxygen saturation target and risk of ductus arteriosus closure failure. Pediatr Int 58:1153–1157. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.12987

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chiruvolu A, Jaleel MA (2009) Pathophysiology of patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates. Early Hum Dev 85:143–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.12.006

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gonzalez A, Sosenko IR, Chandar J, Hummler H, Claure N, Bancalari E (1996) Influence of infection on patent ductus arteriosus and chronic lung disease in premature infants weighing 1000 grams or less. J Pediatr 128:470–478. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(96)70356-6

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shimada A, Hayashi Y, Ogasawara M, Park MJ, Katoh M, Minakami H et al (2007) Pro-inflammatory cytokinemia is frequently found in down syndrome patients with hematological disorders. Leuk Res 31:1199–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2006.09.008

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bull MJ; Committee on Genetics. (2011) Health supervision for children with down syndrome. Pediatrics 28:393-406. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1605

Devlin PJ, Argo M, Habib RH, McCrindle BW, Jegatheeswaran A, Jacobs ML et al (2023) Contemporary applications and outcomes of pulmonary artery banding: an analysis of the society of thoracic surgeons congenital heart surgery database. Ann Thorac Surg 117:128–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2023.09.020

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Takami T, Yoda H, Ishida T, Morichi S, Kondo A, Sunohara D et al (2013) Effects of indomethacin on patent ductus arteriosus in neonates with genetic disorders and/or congenital anomalies. Am J Perinatol 30:551–556. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1329185

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Takami T, Yoda H, Kawakami T, Yamamura H, Nakanishi T, Nakazawa M et al (2007) Usefulness of indomethacin for patent ductus arteriosus in full-term infants. Pediatr Cardiol 28:46–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-006-1426-9

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Amoozgar H, Ghodstehrani M, Pishva N (2010) Oral ibuprofen and ductus arteriosus closure in full-term neonates: a prospective case-control study. Pediatr Cardiol 31:40–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-009-9542-y

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar