Abbasi SJ, Ghanbari M, Mohammadnejadi E, Razzaghi-Asl N (2023) Structural insight into privileged heterocycles as anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and brucei agents. Curr Top Med Chem 23(9):736–752
Adams Y, Olsen RW, Bengtsson A, Dalgaard N, Zdioruk M, Satpathi S, Behera PK, Sahu PK, Lawler SE, Qvortrup K, Wassmer SC, Jensen, A T R (2021) PlasmFalciparumiparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 variants induce cell swelling and disrupt the blood–brain barrier in cerebral malaria. J Exp Bio 218(3):1–13
Aheto JM (2022) Mapping under five child malaria risk that accounts for environmental and climatic factors to aid malaria preventive and control efforts in Ghana: bayesian geospatial and interactive web-based mapping methods. Malar J 21:384
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Aresta-Branco F, Erben E, Papavasiliou FN, Stebbins CE (2019) Mechanistic similarities between antigenic variation and antibody diversification during Trypanosoma Brucei infection. Trends Parasitol 35:302–315
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Arora N, Anbalagan L, Pannu A (2021) Towards eradication of Malaria: is the WHO’s RTS, S/AS01 vaccination effective enough? Risk Manag Healthc Policy 14:1033–1039
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Barry JD, McCulloch R (2001) Antigenic variation in trypanosomes: enhanced phenotypic variation in a eukaryotic parasite. Adv Parasitol 49:1–470
Beaver A, Crilly NP, Hakim J, Zhang B, Bobb B, Rijo-Ferreira F, Figueiredo L, Mugnier MR (2022) Extravascular spaces are reservoirs of antigenic diversity in Trypanosoma brucei infection. bioRxiv
Belaghzal H, Dekker J, Gibcus JH (2017) Hi-C 2.0: an optimized Hi-C procedure for high-resolution genome-wide mapping of chromosome conformation. Methods 123:56–65
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Bentivoglio M, Kristensson K, Rottenberg ME (2018) Circumventricular organs and parasite neurotropism: neglected gates to the brain? Front. Immunol 9:2877
Bernabeu M, Gunnarsson C, Vishnyakova M, Howard CC, Nagao RJ, Avril M, Taylor TE, Seydel KB, Zheng Y, Smith JD (2019) Binding heterogeneity of Plasmodium falciparum to engineered 3D brain microvessels is mediated by EPCR and ICAM-1. mBio 10(3):e00420–e00419
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Bieniasz PD (2004) Intrinsic immunity: a front-line defense against viral attack. Nat Immunol 5:1109–1115
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Camara M, Soumah AM, Ilboudo H, Travaillé C, Clucas C, Cooper A, Kuispond Swar N-R, Camara O, Sadissou I, Calvo Alvarez E, Crouzols A, Bart J-M, Jamonneau V, Camara M, MacLeod A, Bucheton B, Rotureau B (2021) Extravascular dermal trypanosomes in suspected and confirmed cases of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis. Clin Infect Dis 73:12–20
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Chesnokov O, Merritt J, Tcherniuk SO, Milman N, Oleinikov AV (2018) Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes can bind to host receptors integrins alphaVbeta3 and alphaVbeta6 through DBLdelta1_D4 domain of PFL2665c PfEMP1 protein. Sci Rep 8:17871
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Cross G A M, Kim H S, Wickstead B (2014) Capturing the variant surface glycoprotein repertoire (the VSGnome) of Trypanosoma Brucei. Lister Mole Bioch Parasitol 195:59–73
Datta S, Kataria R, Zhang JY, Moore S, Petitpas K, Mohamed A, Zahler N, Pollak MR, Olabisi OA (2020) Kidney disease–associated APOL–1 variants have dose-dependent, dominant toxic gain-of-function. J Am Soc Nephrol 31:2083–2096
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Dimonte S, Bruske EI, Enderes C, Otto TD, Turner L, Kremsner P, Frank M (2020) Identification of a conserved var gene in different Plasmodium falciparum strains. Malar J 19(194):1–15
Diskin C, Corcoran SE, Tyrrell VJ, McGettrick AF, Zaslona Z, O’Donnell VB, Nolan DP, O’Neill LAJ (2021) The trypanosome–derived metabolite indole–3–pyruvate inhibits prostaglandin production in macrophages by targeting COX2. J Immunol 207:2551–2560
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Doritchamou JYA, Renn JP, Jenkins B, Mahamar A, Dicko A, Fried M, Duffy PE (2022) A single full-length VAR2CSA ectodomain variant purifies broadly neutralizing antibodies against placental malaria isolates. eLife 11:e76264
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Duffy PE (2022) Current approaches to malaria vaccines. Available under the Elsevier user license from https://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ Accessed November, 2023 at 9: 00 am
Duffy PE, Patrick GJ (2020) Malaria vaccines since 2000: progress, priorities, products. NPJ Vaccines 5:48
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Duffy F, Bernabeu M, Babar PH, Kessler A, Wang CW, Vaz M, Chery L, Mandala WL, Rogerson SJ, Taylor TE, Seydel KB, Lavstsen T, Gomes E, Kim K, Lusingu J, Rathod PK, Aitchison JD, Smith JD (2019) Meta-analysis of Plasmodium Falciparum var signatures contributing to severe malaria in African children and Indian adults. mBio 10:e00217–e00219
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Dyonisio GHS, Batista HR, da Silva RE, Azevedo R, C D F E, Costa JDOJ, Manhes I B D O, Tonhosolo R, Gennari SM, Minervino AHH, Marcili A (2020) A molecular diagnosis and prevalence of Trypanosoma Vivax (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) in buffaloes and ectoparasites in the Brazilian Amazon Region. J Med Ento 58:403–407
El–Moamly AA, El–Sweify MA (2023) Malaria vaccines: the 60–year journey of hope and final success—lessons learned and future prospects. Trop Med Health 51(29):1–18
Eugenin EA, Martiney JA, Berman JW (2019) The malaria toxin hemozoin induces apoptosis in human neurons and astrocytes: potential role in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. Brain Res 1:1720:146317
Finlay BB, McFadden G (2006) Anti-immunology: evasion of the host immune system by bacterial and viral pathogens. Cell 124:767–782
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Franco JR, Cecchi G, Paone M, Diarra A, Grout L, Ebeja AK, Simarro PP, Zhao W, Argaw D (2022) The elimination of human African trypanosomiasis: achievements in relation to WHO road map targets for 2020. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 16:e0010047
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Galinski MR, Lapp SA, Peterson MS, Ay F, Joyner CJ, LeRoch KG, Fonseca LL, Voit EO (2018) Plasmodium knowlesi: a superb in vivo non-human primate model of antigenic variation in malaria. Parasitol 145(1):85–100
Garrido-Cardenas JA, González-Cerón L, Manzano-Agugliaro F, Mesa-Valle C (2019) Plasmodium genomics: an approach for learning about and ending human malaria. Parasitol Res 118:1–27
Gaudet RG, Zhu S, Halder A, Kim B-H, Bradfield CJ, Huang S, Xu D, Maminska A, Nguyen TN, Lazarou M, Karatekin E, Gupta K, Macmicking JD (2021) A human apolipoprotein L with detergent-like activity kills intracellular pathogens. Science 373:eabf8113
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Good MF, Kumar S, Miller LH (2020) The real difficulties for malaria sporozoite vaccine development: non-responsiveness and antigenic variation. Trends Immun 9(11):351–355
Harmsen C, Turner L, Thrane S, Sander AF, Theander TG, Lavstsen T (2020) Immunization with virus–like particles conjugated to CIDRα1 domain of Plasmodium Falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 induces inhibitory antibodies. Malar J 19:132
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Higgins MK, Carrington M (2022) Sequence variation and structural conservation allows development of novel function and immune evasion in parasite surface protein families. Protein Sci 23:354–365
Hilleman MR (2004) Strategies and mechanisms for host and pathogen survival in acute and persistent viral infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101(Suppl 2):14560–14566
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Hviid L (2010) The role of Plasmodium falciparum variant surface antigens in protective immunity and vaccine development. Hum Vaccine 61:84–89
Jayaraman S, Harris C, Paxton E, Donachie AM, Vaikkinen H, McCulloch R, Hall JPJ, Kenny J, Lenzi L, Hert-Fowler C, Cobbold C, Reeve R, Micoel T, Morrison LJ (2019) Application of long read sequencing to determine expressed antigen diversity in Trypanosoma Brucei infections. PLos Negl Trop Dis 13(4):e0007262
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Jensen AR, Adams Y, Hviid L (2020) Cerebral Plasmodium Falciparum malaria: the role of PfEMP1 in its pathogenesis and immunity, and PfEMP1–based vaccines to prevent it. Immunol Rev 293:230–252
Comments (0)