Nurulaqmar Iwani Samsudin, Centre of Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Selangor, MalaysiaFollow
Marlena Kamaruzaman, Centre of Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Selangor, MalaysiaFollow
Afiq Azizi Jawami, Conservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, MalaysiaFollow

Abstract

In recent years, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has become a promising tool for non-destructive imaging and the study of root canal morphology in endodontics. However, the reliability of such analyses heavily relies on the accuracy and consistency of the software used for image processing. Objective: This study aims to investigate the reliability of two different micro-CT voxel sizes using open-source three-dimensional (3D) software (Drishti v3.0) used to identify and quantify the Apical Foramen (AF) and Apical Constriction (AC) in mandibular premolars. Methods: Eight mandibular premolars were divided into two groups, with four samples in each group. Samples were scanned using a ZEISS X-Radia 520 Micro-CT system with two different voxel sizes of 23 μm (Group A) and 17 μm (Group B), respectively. The micro-CT data were reconstructed and transferred to Drishti Software, and individual image rendering was performed to visualize the images for data analysis. The position and measurement of AF and AC to the anatomical apex were measured individually and independently by single operators. Results: The reliability of the measurements assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) between two voxel sizes was excellent and on par with previous research. This pilot study suggested that results for voxel sizes of 23 μm and 17 μm were comparable. Both voxel size 3D images demonstrated excellent and high-quality visualization of the root canal configuration, lateral and accessory canals, apical deltas, major AF, and AC. Conclusion: It is feasible and reliable to visualize and analyze 3D micro-CT images using open-source software (Drishti v3.0). Both voxel sizes of 23 μm and 17 μm are recommended for use in root canal study.

References Swain MV, Xue J. State of the art of Micro-CT applications in dental research. Int J Oral Sci. 2009; 1(4):177-88. Kim SY, Kim BS, Woo J, Kim Y. Morphology of mandibular first molars analyzed by cone-beam computed tomography in a Korean population: Variations in the number of roots and canals. J Endod. 2013; 39(12):1516-21. Versiani MA, Basrani B, Sousa-Neto MD. The root canal anatomy in permanent dentition. Cham: Springer; 2019. Xu T, Gao X, Fan W, Fan B. Micro-computed tomography evaluation of the prevalence and morphological features of apical bifurcations. J Dent Sci. 2020; 15(1):22-7. Keleş A, Alcin H, Kamalak A, Versiani MA. Micro-CT evaluation of root filling quality in oval-shaped canals. Int Endod J. 2014; 47(12):1177-84. Peters OA, Paqué F. Root canal preparation of maxillary molars with the self-adjusting file: A micro-computed tomography study. J Endod. 2011; 37(1):53-7. Thanaruengrong P, Kulvitit S, Navachinda M, Charoenlarp P. Prevalence of complex root canal morphology in the mandibular first and second premolars in Thai population: CBCT analysis. BMC Oral Health. 2021; 21(1):449. Orhan K. Micro-computed Tomography (micro- CT) in Medicine and Engineering. Cham: Springer Cham; 2020. Orhan K, Akat B, Celikten B. Micro-CT in dentistry. In: Delantoni A, Orhan K, editors. Atlas of Dentomaxillofacial Anatomical Imaging. Springer Cham; 2022. pp. 215-25. Karobari MI, Arshad S, Noorani TY, Ahmed N, Basheer SN, Peeran SW, Marya A, Marya CM, Messina P, Scardina GA. Root and root canal configuration characterization using microcomputed tomography: A systematic review. J Clin Med. 2022; 11(9):2287. Filpo-Perez C, Bramante CM, Villas-Boas MH, Húngaro Duarte MA, Versiani MA, Ordinola- Zapata R. Micro-computed tomographic analysis of the root canal morphology of the distal root of mandibular first molar. J Endod. 2015; 41(2):231-6. Limaye A. Drishti: A volume exploration and presentation tool. In: Stock SR, editor. Developments in X-Ray Tomography VIII. SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications; 2012 Aug 12-16; California, United States. Versiani MA, Keleș A. Applications of Micro-CT technology in endodontics. In: Orhan K, editor. Micro-computed Tomography (micro-CT) in Medicine and Engineering. Springer Cham; 2020. pp. 183-211. Marceliano-Alves M, Alves FR, Mendes Dde M, Provenzano JC. Micro-computed tomography analysis of the root canal morphology of palatal roots of maxillary first molars. J Endod. 2016; 42(2):280-3. Kamaruzaman M, Abdul Hamid NF. Micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT) analysis of the foramen-to-apex distance in relation to the radiographic status. ESTEEM Acad J. 2018; 14(1):21-31. Zhang W, Tang Y, Liu C, Shen Y, Feng X, Gu Y. Root and root canal variations of the human maxillary and mandibular third molars in a Chinese population: A micro-computed tomographic study. Arch Oral Biol. 2018; 95:134-40. Nurulaqmar Iwani S, Kamaruzaman M, Jawami AA. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) analysis of apical mandibular premolar in relation to clinical sign presentation: An in vitro study. Saudi Dent J. 2024; 36(1):129-33 Recommended Citation

Samsudin, N., Kamaruzaman, M., & Jawami, A. Reliability of Three-Dimensional Micro-Computed Tomography Root Canal Analysis Using Drishti Software: A Pilot Study. J Dent Indones. 2024;31(1): 69-73

DOWNLOADS

Since April 30, 2024

COinS