Biswas T, Townsend N, Das GR et al (2023) Clustering of metabolic and behavioural risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among the adult population in South and Southeast Asia: findings from WHO STEPS data. Lancet Reg Heal - Southeast Asia 12:100164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100164

Article  Google Scholar 

Qiao J, Lu WH, Wang J et al (2014) Vascular risk factors aggravate the progression of Alzheimer’s disease: A 3-year follow-up study of Chinese population. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 29:521–525. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317514522853

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Singh V, Prabhakaran S, Chaturvedi S et al (2017) An examination of stroke risk and burden in South Asians. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 26:2145–2153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.04.036

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kizza J, Lewington S, Mappin-Kasirer B et al (2019) Cardiovascular risk factors and Parkinson’s disease in 500,000 Chinese adults. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 6:624–632. https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.732

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yeh EJ, Grigolon RB, Rodrigues SR, A Bueno AP (2023) Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular risk factor management in selected Asian countries. J Comp Eff Res 12. https://doi.org/10.57264/cer-2022-0085

Yin Y-W, Sun Q-Q, Wang P-J et al (2014) Genetic polymorphism of apolipoprotein A5 gene and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of 15,137 subjects. PLoS ONE 9:e89167. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089167

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Fatma R, Chauhan W, Riyaz S et al (2023) Genetic association analysis of rs662799 ( − 1131A > G) polymorphism of APOA5 gene with morphometric and physio-metric traits using multiplex PCR. Egypt J Med Hum Genet 24:19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43042-023-00398-x

Article  Google Scholar 

Doo M, Won S, Kim Y (2015) Association between the APOB rs1469513 polymorphism and obesity is modified by dietary fat intake in Koreans. Nutrition 31:653–658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2014.10.007

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kang R, Kim M, Chae JS et al (2014) Consumption of whole grains and legumes modulates the genetic effect of the APOA5 -1131C variant on changes in triglyceride and apolipoprotein A-V concentrations in patients with impaired fasting glucose or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Trials 15:100. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-15-100

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

de Luis Roman D, Primo D, Izaola O, Aller R (2022) Association of the APOA-5 genetic variant rs662799 with metabolic changes after an intervention for 9 months with a low-calorie diet with a Mediterranean profile. Nutrients 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14122427

Mehta A, Shapiro MD (2022) Apolipoproteins in vascular biology and atherosclerotic disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 19:168–179. https://doi.org/10.1038/S41569-021-00613-5

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nielsen LB, Christoffersen C, Ahnström J, Dahlbäck B (2009) ApoM: gene regulation and effects on HDL metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 20:66–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2008.11.003

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sacks FM (2015) The crucial roles of apolipoproteins E and C-III in apoB lipoprotein metabolism in normolipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Curr Opin Lipidol 26:56–63. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOL.0000000000000146

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhong S, Goldberg IJ, Bruce C et al (1994) Human ApoA-II inhibits the hydrolysis of HDL triglyceride and the decrease of HDL size induced by hypertriglyceridemia and cholesteryl ester transfer protein in transgenic mice. J Clin Invest 94:2457–2467. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI117614

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Su X, Peng D (2020) The exchangeable apolipoproteins in lipid metabolism and obesity. Clin Chim Acta 503:128–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2020.01.015

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Humardani FM, Mulyanata LT, Dwi Putra SE (2023) Adipose cell-free DNA in diabetes. Clin Chim Acta 539:191–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2022.12.008

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cao X, Lu XM, Tuo X et al (2019) Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial function to preserve skeletal muscle lipid metabolism. Lipids Health Dis 18:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-019-1145-x

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ma C, Shi T, Song L et al (2022) Angiotensin(1–7) attenuates visceral adipose tissue expansion and lipogenesis by suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress via Mas receptor. Nutr Metab 19:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-022-00716-x

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Saxton SN, Clark BJ, Withers SB et al (2019) Mechanistic links between obesity, diabetes, and blood pressure: role of perivascular adipose tissue. Physiol Rev 99:1701–1763. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00034.2018

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Corella D, Tai ES, Sorlí JV et al (2011) Association between the APOA2 promoter polymorphism and body weight in Mediterranean and Asian populations: replication of a gene-saturated fat interaction. Int J Obes 35:666–675. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2010.187

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Duesing K, Charpentier G, Marre M et al (2009) Evaluating the association of common APOA2variants with type 2 diabetes. BMC Med Genet 10:13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2350-10-13

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zeng Y, Wen S, Huan L et al (2023) Association of ApoE gene polymorphisms with serum lipid levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese Han population of central China. PeerJ 11:e15226. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15226

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pitchika A, Markus MRP, Schipf S et al (2022) Longitudinal association of Apolipoprotein E polymorphism with lipid profile, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: results from a 15 year follow-up study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 185:109778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109778

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang PH, Gao JL, Pu C et al (2016) A single-nucleotide polymorphism C-724 /del in the proter region of the apolipoprotein M gene is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lipids Health Dis 15:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-016-0307-3

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shi J, Liu Y, Liu Y et al (2018) Association between ApoE polymorphism and hypertension: a meta-analysis of 28 studies including 5898 cases and 7518 controls. Gene 675:197–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.097

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang X, He J, Guo H et al (2017) Interactions of six SNPs in APOA1 gene and types of obesity on low HDL-C disease in Xinjiang pastoral area of China. Lipids Health Dis 16:187. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-017-0581-8

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

de Luis DA, Izaola O, Primo D, Aller R (2019) Implication of the rs670 variant of APOA1 gene with lipid profile, serum adipokine levels and components of metabolic syndrome in adult obese subjects. Clin Nutr 38:407–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2017.12.007

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hsu M-C, Chang C-S, Lee K-T et al (2013) Central obesity in males affected by a dyslipidemia-associated genetic polymorphism on APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster. Nutr Diabetes 3:e61–e61. https://doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2013.2

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lakbakbi el Yaagoubi F, Charoute H, Bakhchane A et al (2015) Association analysis of APOA5 rs662799 and rs3135506 polymorphisms with obesity in Moroccan patients. Pathol Biol 63:243–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patbio.2015.09.002