Advanced breast cancer (ABC) represents the clinical scenario in which cancer cells have spread beyond the breast to distant organs. Medical advancements have significantly improved the management of the condition, providing patients with better quality of life and prolonged survival. According to several studies,1, 2, 3 ABC is linked to worse self-reported quality of life outcomes, a high symptom load, and unmet needs. The decision to use radiotherapy (RT) in ABC is individualized for each patient, taking into consideration their unique needs and disease characteristics. Factors such as location, extent of metastases, overall health, and treatment goals are taken into consideration when designing the RT treatment plan. Two key goals of RT in ABC are the alleviation of symptoms associated with the metastatic focus and control of tumor growth, thus preventing local symptoms. As such, advances in modern radiation oncology have enabled the use of RT beyond the traditional indications of palliation in the metastatic setting, which include pain relief related to bone metastases and growing visceral tumors, neurologic symptoms caused by brain or spine metastases, symptoms such as cough and dyspnea due to advanced metastases in the lungs, and bleeding associated with various internal and external tumors.4 Advances in RT and its use in treating patients with ABC, alongside the role of nurses in the provision of care for ABC patients receiving RT, are discussed here.
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