To address distinctive health concerns of women, interventional radiology (IR) offers various techniques to treat a wide spectrum of women's conditions, including but not limited to uterine leiomyoma and adenomyosis, endometriosis, infertility, chronic pelvic pain and discomfort, and pelvic venous disorders [1]. In the past, surgery was often the offered definitive option for many of these conditions to alleviate clinical symptoms, however often providing symptom relief at the penalty of long hospital stays, possibly impaired future fertility and high costs. Today, IR owing to the use of minimally invasive image-guided therapies, is regarded as an alternate minimally invasive option to surgery in a large array of pelvic conditions that affect women [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]. In this regard, IR allows targeted treatments that frequently result in reduced pain and shorter recovery periods compared to open surgery [3,4]. Endovascular treatments, such as uterine artery embolization (UAE) preserve the uterus and thereby possibility of future fertility while having proven to result in shorter hospital stays and lower costs [5], [6], [7], [8], [9]. Percutaneous thermal ablations such as high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), microwave ablation (MWA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and cryoablation have emerged as minimally invasive options for the treatment of multiple conditions including adenomyosis, abdominal wall endometriosis and leiomyomas [6,10,11].

The purpose of this review was to sum-up the latest advancements in IR techniques that are used for the treatment of pelvic conditions affecting women including adenomyosis, abdominal wall endometriosis and uterine leiomyoma.