The prevalence of degenerative valvular diseases has increased significantly, possibly due to the increase in life expectancy during the previous decades. This has caused a rise in the number of prosthetic valve implantations worldwide. In 2018, more than 185,000 valve replacements were performed in the United States1 and about 850,000 valve implantations are estimated to be done annually in 2050.2 One of the most important concerns associated with implanted valves is their potential for dysfunction, which can be lethal. Therefore, its cause and etiology should be detected and treated early if possible.3 There are four main causes of mechanical valve dysfunction, as shown in Fig. 1. The leading cause of mechanical prosthesis dysfunction is mechanical valve prosthetic thrombosis (MPVT), followed by fibrotic pannus ingrowth, valve degeneration, and endocarditis.4 There are also other less common causes for MPV dysfunction, including embolic and hemorrhagic events, regurgitation, structural dysfunction, stenosis, and prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM).5, 6, 7